ALFRED: allele frequency database
      The ALlele FREquency Database   
ALFRED is a resource of gene frequency data on human populations
supported by the U. S. National Science Foundation.
ALFRED detailed record information

Population Information

NameALFRED UIDPrimary LanguageLanguage Family
XavantePO000124HXAVANTEMacro-Ge

Synonyms:
Geographic Location1:  13S, 53W; 15S, 52W  
Sites typed for this population: View List
Population Samples: See Sample Information
External Resources: Ethnologue: Language Map Record    Ethnologue: Language Description Record    
References: See references
Population Description: The Xavante (A'UWE) migrated from their traditional homeland, the area between the Araguaia and Tocantins Rivers, to the territory between the Coluene and Das Mortes Rivers in Mato Grosso, Brazil about 50 years ago. They are distributed amongst 60 different villages on six reservations in the Mato Grosso region. They are a traditional hunting-gathering group. The Xavante language belongs to the Macro-Je Log linguistic Family. The Xavante have experienced marked population growth in recent decades. From an estimated number 1,500-2,000 in the 1960s (Mesa et al, 2000), they have increased to approximately 8,000 individuals (Ethnologue,1994).
References:
- Neel JV, Salzano FM, Junqueira PC, Keiter F, Maybury-Lewis D. " Studies on the Xavante Indians of the Brazilian Mato Grosso ". American Journal of human genetics 16:52-140. (1964)


Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA000198S

Sample Description:Xavante sample (n=21) speakers of the Ge language. (51?40'W; 13?20'S)

Number of Chromosomes: 42

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Bogdawa HM, Hutz MH, Salzano FM, Weimer TA. "Diversity of Two Short Tandem Repeat Loci (CD4 and F13A1) in Three Brazilian Ethnic Groups". Hum. Biol. 72:1045-1053. (2000) Online citation.

- Kvitko K, Nunes JC, Weimer TA, Salzano FM, Hutz MH. "Cytochrome P4501A1 Polymorphisms in South American Indians". Hum. Biol. 72:1039-1043. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA003945V

Sample Description:This sample consists of Xavante individuals from Etenitepa, Brazil.

Number of Chromosomes: 66

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Gaspar PA, Hutz MH, Salzano FM, Hill K, Hurtado AM, Petzl-Erler ML, Tsuneto LT, Weimer TA "Polymorphisms of CYP1a1, CYP2e1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and TP53 genes in Amerindians". Am J Phys Anthropol. 119:249-56. (2002) Online citation.

- Jaja C, Burke W, Thummel K, Edwards K, Veenstra DL. "Cytochrome p450 enzyme polymorphism frequency in indigenous and native american populations: a systematic review". Community Genet 11:141-9. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA004166R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Xavante individuals from Pimentel barbosa region, Brazil. This group has a minimal non native influence.

Number of Chromosomes: 202

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Friedrich DC, Callegari-Jacques SM, Petzl-Erler ML, Tsuneto L, Salzano FM, Hutz MH. "Stability or variation? Patterns of lactase gene and its enhancer region distributions in Brazilian Amerindians". Am J Phys Anthropol. 147:427-32. (2012) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA000145K

Sample Description:Xavante (n=30) collected from the village of Rio das Mortes (51?40'W; 13?20'S) and is situated near the western boundary of the Indian Reservation Pimentel Barbosa, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. More extensive contacts with non-Indians started in 1946. The total population of Rio das Mortes village numbered 461 individuals in 1990. Bevilaqua and al 1995.

Number of Chromosomes: 60

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Bevilaqua LR, Mattevi VS, Ewald GM, Salzano FM, Coimbra CE Junior, Santos RV, Hutz MH. "Beta-globin gene cluster haplotype distribution in five Brazilian Indian tribes". Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 98:395-401. (1995) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA003684V

Sample Description:This sample consists of Xavante individuals from Brazil. All the South American natives studied in this publication and their ancestors (two generations) were born in the same community and spoke their own native language.

Number of Chromosomes: 42

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Acuņa-Alonzo V et al. "A functional ABCA1 gene variant is associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels and shows evidence of positive selection in Native Americans". Hum Mol Genet 19:2877-85. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA000967W

Sample Description:This sample consists of Xavante individuals. The Xavante are an Amerindian tribe located in Brazil, South America. Thier language belongs to the Gê-Kaingan language group. Non-Indian ancestry was estimated to be very small.

Number of Chromosomes: 66

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Battilana J, Bonatto SL, Freitas LB, Hutz MH, Weimer TA, Callegari-Jacques SM, Batzer MA, Hill K, Hurtado AM, Tsuneto LT, Petzl-Erler ML, Salzano FM. "Alu insertions versus blood group plus protein genetic variability in four Amerindian populations.". Ann Hum Biol 29:334-47. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Xavante

Sample UID: SA000211E

Sample Description:Xavante sample from the town of Rio das Mortes (51?40'W, 13?20'S), and it is situated near the western boundary of the Indian Reservation Pimentel Barbosa, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Number of Chromosomes: 60

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Kaufman L, Vargas AF, Coimbra Junior CE, Santos RV, Salzano FM, Hutz MH. "Apolipoprotein B genetic variability in Brazilian Indians". Hum. Biol. 71:87-98. (1999) Online citation.

- Simon D, Bandinelli E, Roisenberg I. "Von Willebrand factor gene polymorphisms in three Brazilian ethnic groups". Hum. Biol. 72:1055-1063. (2000) Online citation.

1Geographic Coordinates represent two opposite corners of a rectangle encompassing the area where the population lives.This data is preliminary and changing.

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© 2012 Kenneth K Kidd, Yale University. All rights reserved. The full Copyright Notification is also available.
Originally prototyped by Michael Osier with the aid of Kei Cheung
Upgrades and maintenance since 2002 by Haseena Rajeevan