The Han, also referred to as the Han Chinese or Chinese, make up approximately 92% of the population in China. They are the largest ethnic group in the world numbering over 1 billion people. The Han can be found throughout China, but are located mainly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Pearl River and the Northeast Plain. The language of the Han is commonly referred to as Mandarin Chinese, but this is actually a dialect of the Han language, which is the official language of China. Many dialects of the Han language are spoken throughout China and are often referred to as sublanguages.

The Han have a very long history which largely coincides with the history of China itself. The Han people can trace their origins to the upper reaches of the Yellow River from between 3,000 and 4,000 years ago, although where these people came from remains unclear. The Han people are named after the Han dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D. 221), which was a formative period for the creation of the Chinese identity. Keep in mind that the Han people, although named after the Han dynasty, existed long before this time period.

Means of subsistence varies dramatically among the Han and is primarily dependant on economic, geographic, and social factors. Family is extremely important to the Han. The traditional Han family consists of the entire extended family. When the parents get old it is the children's duty to take care of them until their death. Many traditions such as art, music, architecture, marriage customs, cuisine, and religious practices vary from province to province and between sublanguage groups.

- Moser LJ. "The Chinese Mosaic: The Peoples and Provinces of China". Boulder and London: Westview Press (1985)

- Pasternak B. "Kinship & community in two Chinese villages". Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press 16:(1972) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA000784T

Sample Description:This sample contains healthy men and women of the Chinese Han race. Participants had an average age of 50 years and gave informed consent.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Zhang G, Dai C. "Gene polymorphisms of homocysteine metabolism-related enzymes in Chinese patients with occlusive coronary artery or cerebral vascular diseases". Thromb Res. 104:187-95. . (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000902L

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Chinese individuals from the Beijing area.

Number of Chromosomes: 226

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshimoto T, Tamaki K, Katsumata S, Huang XL, Uchihi R, Tanaka M, Uchida H, Yamamoto T, Chen S, Armour JA, Katsumata Y. "Sequence analysis of alleles at a microsatellite locus D14S299 (wg1c5) and population genetic comparisons". Int J Legal Med 113:15-18. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000910K

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese from Shenyang, in the Northeast region of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 180

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nata M, Kimura T, Hashiyada M, He P, Yan W, Li X, Funayama M, Sagisaka K. "Allele frequencies of eight STRs in Japanese and Chinese". Int J Legal Med 112:396-399. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese, Chengdu

Sample UID: SA000923O

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese from Chengdu, China. Samples were collected from blood banks. Ethnic origin was determined by self declaration.

Number of Chromosomes: 346

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Hou YP, Jin ZM, Li YB, Wu J, Walter H, Kido A, Prinz M. "D20S161 data for three ethnic populations and forensic validation". Int J Legal Med 112:400-402. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000620I

Sample Description:This sample was collected from unrelated Han Chinese from throughout China.

Number of Chromosomes: 72

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Antunez-de-Mayolo G, Antunez-de-Mayolo A, Antunez-de-Mayolo P, Papiha SS, Hammer M, Yunis JJ, Yunis EJ, Damodaran C, de Pancorbo MM, Caeiro JL, Puzyrev VP, Herrera RJ. "Phylogenetics of worldwide human populations as determined by polymorphic Alu insertions". Electrophoresis 23:3346-3356. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shanghai

Sample UID: SA000669V

Sample Description:This sample was collected from Chinese Han in Shanghai (East China). This sample was obtained anonymously through local physicians and with consent of the participants.

Number of Chromosomes: 196

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Xiao FX, Gilissen A, Gu XX, Cassiman JJ, Decorte R. "Genetic data obtained for two Chinese Han populations with a quadruplex fluorescent STR typing system (HUMVWA, HUMTH01, D21S11 and HPRT)". Int J Legal Med 111:343-345. (1998) Online citation.

- Xiao FX, Yang JF, Cassiman JJ, Decorte R "Diversity at eight polymorphic Alu insertion loci in Chinese populations shows evidence for European admixture in an ethnic minority population from northwest China". Hum Biol 74:555-68. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Guangzhou

Sample UID: SA000670N

Sample Description:This sample was collected from Chinese Han in from Guangzhou (southeast China). This sample was obtained from the Department of Biochemistry of the Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences (Guangzhou, China).

Number of Chromosomes: 164

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Xiao FX, Gilissen A, Gu XX, Cassiman JJ, Decorte R. "Genetic data obtained for two Chinese Han populations with a quadruplex fluorescent STR typing system (HUMVWA, HUMTH01, D21S11 and HPRT)". Int J Legal Med 111:343-345. (1998) Online citation.

- Xiao FX, Yang JF, Cassiman JJ, Decorte R "Diversity at eight polymorphic Alu insertion loci in Chinese populations shows evidence for European admixture in an ethnic minority population from northwest China". Hum Biol 74:555-68. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000704L

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Chinese living in Singapore. There are 75 males and 98 females with an age range of 16-79 years. They were randomly selected from individuals registered at an outpatient clinic at the National University Hospital in Singapore.

Number of Chromosomes: 346

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Choong ML, Sethi SK, Koay ESC. "Effects of intragenic variability at 3 polymorphic sites of the apolipoprotein B gene on serum lipids and lipoproteins in a multiethnic Asian population". Human Biology 71:381-97. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000728R

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Chinese males with a mean age of 36 years living in Singapore.

Number of Chromosomes: 166

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Dunning AM, Renges HH, Xu CF, Peacock R, Brasseur R, Laxer G, Tikkanen MJ, Butler R, Saha N, Hamsten A, et al. "Two amino acid substitutions in apolipoprotein B are in complete allelic association with the antigen group (x/y) polymorphism: evidence for little recombination in the 3' end of the human gene". Am J Hum Genet. 50:208-21. . (1992) Online citation.

Sample Name: San Francisco Chinese

Sample UID: SA000732M

Sample Description:A sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, California. Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd. The first Chinese immigrants to the United States left their country for the opportunity to work and send money home to their family. Initially, in the mid-1800s, the Chinese were welcomed into California. In fact, in many cases they were recruited to build the railroads, work the mines, and tend the fields. They provided an affordable work force in California while everyone else was trying to strike it rich in the gold mines. As news of gold spread, over 100,000 Chinese came to California. They continued to be welcomed until the mines ran dry when foreigners were blamed for the cause of the problem. In 1862 American vessels were forbidden to transport Chinese immigrants to the US. In 1882 the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed and was upheld for sixty years. Under this Act only those who already had relatives in the US could enter. In 1910, Angel Island, in San Francisco Bay, was opened to enforce this act. Here thousands of Chinese were detained and deported. However, due to this act many immigrants brought false documentation of relatives in the United States and some still managed to enter. The modern Chinese American population has created a culture for itself in San Francisco. San Francisco is one of the largest Chinese American communities. Cantonese, the Chinese dialect spoken in Hong Kong and other southern Chinese provinces, is the major spoken form of Chinese in the San Francisco area. It is spoken by at least 100,000 San Franciscans.

Number of Chromosomes: 120

Relation to Other Samples: Superset of SA000009J

References:
- Bowcock AM, Bucci C, Hebert JM, Kidd JR, Kidd KK, JS Friedlaender, Cavalli-Sforza LL "Study of 47 DNA markers in five populations from four continents.". Gene Geography 1:47. (1987) Online citation.

- Bowcock AM, Kidd JR, Mountain JL, Hebert JM, Carotenuto L, Kidd KK, Cavalli-Sforza LL. "Drift, admixture, and selection in human evolution: A study with DNA polymorphisms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 88:839-43. (1991) Online citation.

- Castiglione CM, Deinard AS, Speed WC, Sirugo G, Rosenbaum HC, Zhang Y, Grandy DK, Grigorenko EL, Bonne-Tamir B, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Evolution of haplotypes at the DRD2 locus". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57:1445-56. (1995) Online citation.

- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Kang AM, Palmatier MA, Kidd KK. "Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3)". Biological Psychiatry 46:151-60. (1999) Online citation.

- Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "Global levels of DNA variation". Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Human Identification 1993 (Promega) 21-30. (1993)

- Kidd JR. "Population genetics and population history of Amerindians as reflected by nuclear DNA variation". Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University (1993)

- Kidd KK et al. http://info.med.yale.edu/genetics/kkidd/pops.html

- Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. "A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus". Hum. Genet. 103:211-27. (1998) Online citation.

- Mateu E, Calafell F, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Casals T, Kidd KK, Bertranpetit J. "Allele Frequencies in a Worldwide Survey of a CA Repeat in the First Intron of the CFTR Gene". Human Heredity 49:15-20. (1999) Online citation.

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Dietzsch E, Speed W, Pakstis AJ, Cheung K, Kidd JR, Bonne-Tamir B, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Moral P, Watson E, Krings M, Paabo S, Risch N, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "Global patterns of linkage disequilibrium at the CD4 locus and modern human origins". Science 271:1380-7. (1996) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62:1389-402. (1998) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62:1389-402. (1998) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Ruano G, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Distribution and frequency of a polymorphic Alu insertion at the plasminogen activator locus in humans". Hum. Genet. 97:759-64. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese American, Southern California

Sample UID: SA000196Q

Sample Description:Chinese American sample of (n=79) volunteers from Southern California, all apparently healthy. Each subject provided a blood sample, after providing informed consent and self-report of his or her ethnicity.

Number of Chromosomes: 158

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Goddard KA, Hopkins PJ, Hall JM, Witte JS. "Linkage Disequilibrium and Allele-Frequency Distributions for 114 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Five Populations ". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 66:216-234. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese (Taiwanese), Han

Sample UID: SA000278R

Sample Description:The Chinese sample was drawn from individuals who migrated from mainland China to Taiwan and are of Han origin.

Number of Chromosomes: 102

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Parra E, Saha N, Soemantri AG, McGarvey ST, Hundrieser J, Shriver MD, Deka R. "Genetic Variation at 9 autosomal Microsatellite Loci in Asian and Pacific Populations". Hum. Biol. 71:757-779. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese, Singapore

Sample UID: SA000128L

Sample Description:Chinese living in Singapore

Number of Chromosomes: 102

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Hollox EJ, Poulter M, Zvarik M, Ferak V, Krause A, Jenkins T, Saha N, Kozlov AI, Swallow DM. "Lactase Haplotype Diversity in the Old World ". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68:160-172. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiwanese Han

Sample UID: SA000001B

Sample Description:Sample is predominantly males descended from immigrants from the Fujian province at least 400 years ago living around Taipei, Taiwan collected by R-B Lu. The Hokkien, the majority of Taiwan's current inhabitants, are descendants of migrants from the Fukian and Guangdong provinces. They traveled from this area in southern China to Taiwan in large numbers during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. They gradually established themselves as the dominant population. The original Fujian-derived population remains an ethnic and linguistic majority, composing roughly 84% of the population. According to 1993 estimates, the Taiwanese dialect of Chinese is spoken by 67% of the population, compared to 20% for the official Mandarin dialect of the mainlanders. The term Taiwanese (also Min-nan-hua) refers to the Hokkien. Taiwanese is part of the southern Min group of Chinese dialects and closely resembles the Amoy dialect spoken in Fujian and in other parts of southern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Kang AM, Palmatier MA, Kidd KK. "Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3)". Biological Psychiatry 46:151-60. (1999) Online citation.

- Kidd KK et al. http://info.med.yale.edu/genetics/kkidd/pops.html

- Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. "A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus". Hum. Genet. 103:211-27. (1998) Online citation.

- Osier MV, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Lee JF, Yin SJ, Ko HC, Edenberg HJ, Lu RB, and Kidd KK. "Linkage Disequilibrium at the ADH2 and ADH3 Loci and Risk of Alcoholism". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 64:1147-1157. (1999) Online citation.

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000119L

Sample Description:A sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, CA.
Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd

Number of Chromosomes: 34

Relation to Other Samples: subset of sample 9

References:
- Jorde LB, Bamshad MJ, Watkins WS, Zenger R, Fraley AE, Krakowiak PA, Carpenter KD, Soodyall H, Jenkins T, Rogers AR. "Origins and affinities of modern humans: a comparison of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic data.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57:523-538. (1995) Online citation.

Sample Name: San Francisco Chinese

Sample UID: SA000009J

Sample Description:A sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, California. Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd. The first Chinese immigrants to the United States left their country for the opportunity to work and send money home to their family. Initially, in the mid-1800s, the Chinese were welcomed into California. In fact, in many cases they were recruited to build the railroads, work the mines, and tend the fields. They provided an affordable work force in California while everyone else was trying to strike it rich in the gold mines. As news of gold spread, over 100,000 Chinese came to California. They continued to be welcomed until the mines ran dry when foreigners were blamed for the cause of the problem. In 1862 American vessels were forbidden to transport Chinese immigrants to the US. In 1882 the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed and was upheld for sixty years. Under this Act only those who already had relatives in the US could enter. In 1910, Angel Island, in San Francisco Bay, was opened to enforce this act. Here thousands of Chinese were detained and deported. However, due to this act many immigrants brought false documentation of relatives in the United States and some still managed to enter. The modern Chinese American population has created a culture for itself in San Francisco. San Francisco is one of the largest Chinese American communities. Cantonese, the Chinese dialect spoken in Hong Kong and other southern Chinese provinces, is the major spoken form of Chinese in the San Francisco area. It is spoken by at least 100,000 San Franciscans.

Number of Chromosomes: 124

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Bowcock AM, Bucci C, Hebert JM, Kidd JR, Kidd KK, JS Friedlaender, Cavalli-Sforza LL "Study of 47 DNA markers in five populations from four continents.". Gene Geography 1:47. (1987) Online citation.

- Bowcock AM, Kidd JR, Mountain JL, Hebert JM, Carotenuto L, Kidd KK, Cavalli-Sforza LL. "Drift, admixture, and selection in human evolution: A study with DNA polymorphisms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 88:839-43. (1991) Online citation.

- Castiglione CM, Deinard AS, Speed WC, Sirugo G, Rosenbaum HC, Zhang Y, Grandy DK, Grigorenko EL, Bonne-Tamir B, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Evolution of haplotypes at the DRD2 locus". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57:1445-56. (1995) Online citation.

- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Kang AM, Palmatier MA, Kidd KK. "Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3)". Biological Psychiatry 46:151-60. (1999) Online citation.

- Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "Global levels of DNA variation". Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Human Identification 1993 (Promega) 21-30. (1993)

- Kidd JR. "Population genetics and population history of Amerindians as reflected by nuclear DNA variation". Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University (1993)

- Kidd KK et al. http://info.med.yale.edu/genetics/kkidd/pops.html

- Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. "A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus". Hum. Genet. 103:211-27. (1998) Online citation.

- Mateu E, Calafell F, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Casals T, Kidd KK, Bertranpetit J. "Allele Frequencies in a Worldwide Survey of a CA Repeat in the First Intron of the CFTR Gene". Human Heredity 49:15-20. (1999) Online citation.

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Dietzsch E, Speed W, Pakstis AJ, Cheung K, Kidd JR, Bonne-Tamir B, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Moral P, Watson E, Krings M, Paabo S, Risch N, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "Global patterns of linkage disequilibrium at the CD4 locus and modern human origins". Science 271:1380-7. (1996) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62:1389-402. (1998) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62:1389-402. (1998) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Ruano G, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Distribution and frequency of a polymorphic Alu insertion at the plasminogen activator locus in humans". Hum. Genet. 97:759-64. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese, Singapore

Sample UID: SA000299U

Sample Description:Unrelated Singapore residents of Chinese descent, selected at random.

Number of Chromosomes: 240

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Fregeau CJ, Tan-Siew WF, Yap KH, Carmody GR, Chow ST, Fourney RM. "Population Genetic Characteristics of the STR Loci D21S11 and FGA in Eight Diverse Human Populations". Hum. Biol. 70:813-844. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Hong Kong

Sample UID: SA002546R

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals from Hong Kong, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Martinson JJ, Chapman NH, Rees DC, Liu YT, Clegg JB. "Global distribution of the CCR5 gene 32-basepair deletion". Nat Genet 16:100-103. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiwanese Han

Sample UID: SA000486S

Sample Description:The Taiwanese Han are descended from immigrants from the Fujian province at least 400 years ago living around Taipei, Taiwan. The Taiwanese have established themselves as the dominant population. The original Fujian-derived population remains an ethnic and linguistic majority, composing roughly 84% of the population. Taiwanese is part of the southern Min group of Chinese dialects and closely resembles the Amoy dialect spoken in Fujian and in other parts of southern China. A number of the indiviuals found in this sample were taken from SA000001B.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples: Superset of SA000001B

References:
- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Kang AM, Palmatier MA, Kidd KK. "Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3)". Biological Psychiatry 46:151-60. (1999) Online citation.

- Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. "A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus". Hum. Genet. 103:211-27. (1998) Online citation.

- Osier MV, Lu RB, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Huang SY, Kidd KK. "Possible epistatic role of ADH7 in the protection against alcoholism". Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 19-22. (2004) Online citation.

- Osier MV, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Lee JF, Yin SJ, Ko HC, Edenberg HJ, Lu RB, and Kidd KK. "Linkage Disequilibrium at the ADH2 and ADH3 Loci and Risk of Alcoholism". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 64:1147-1157. (1999) Online citation.

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000803L

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals whose ancestry was regarded locally as soley Chinese. The sample was obtained from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Number of Chromosomes: 68

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lubahn DB, Lord ST, Bosco J, Kirshtein J, Jeffries OJ, Parker N, Levtzow C, Silverman LM, Graham JB. "Population genetics of coagulant factor IX: frequencies of two DNA polymorphisms in five ethnic groups". Am J Hum Genet. 40:527-36. (1987) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000811K

Sample Description:This sample consists of normal, unrelated volunteers or healthy spouses of patients in Queen May and Tung Wah Hospitals. They were all Cantonese-speaking southern Chinese.

Number of Chromosomes: 124

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Xie T, Ho SL, Li LS, Ma OC. "G/A1947 polymorphism in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene in Parkinson's disease". Mov Disord. 12:426-7. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000813M

Sample Description:This sample consist of unrelated ethnic Chinese volunteers from Taipei, Taiwan. Informed consent was obtained.

Number of Chromosomes: 376

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liou YJ, Tsai SJ, Hong CJ, Wang YC, Lai IC. "Association analysis of a functional catechol-o-methyltransferase gene polymorphism in schizophrenic patients in Taiwan". Neuropsychobiology. 43:11-4. . (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000814N

Sample Description:This sample consist of Chinese individuals recruited from a community hospital located in Taipei area, Taiwan. The sample is made up of males and females with a mean age of 45 years.

Number of Chromosomes: 198

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen CH, Lee YR, Liu MY, Wei FC, Koong FJ, Hwu HG, Hsiao KJ. "Identification of a BglI polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene, and association study with schizophrenia". Am. J. Med. Genet. 67:556-9. (1996) Online citation.

- Chen CH, Lee YR, Wei FC, Koong FJ, Hwu HG, Hsiao KJ. "Association study of NlaIII and MspI genetic polymorphisms of catechol-O-methyltransferase gene and susceptibility to schizophrenia". Biol Psychiatry 41:985-7. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: China

Sample UID: SA000530I

Sample Description:This sample consists of southern (Han) Chinese immigrants to Singapore.

Number of Chromosomes: 98

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Melton T, Peterson R, Redd AJ, Saha N, Sofro ASM, Martinson J, Stoneking M. "Polynesian genetic affinities with southeast Asian populations as identified by mtDNA analysis". Am J Hum Genet 57:403-414. (1995) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001010C

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese individuals collected by the Criminal Investigation Bureau DNA Laboratory in Taipei, Taiwan.

Number of Chromosomes: 232

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Huang NE, Schumm J, Budowle B "Chinese population data on three tetrameric short tandem repeat loci--HUMTHO1, TPOX, and CSF1PO--derived using multiplex PCR and manual typing". Forensic Sci Int 71:131-136. (1995) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001023G

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese individuals from the Shanghai area (China).

Number of Chromosomes: 210

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Zhou HG, Sato K, Nishimaki Y, Fang L, Hasekura H "The HumD21S11 system of short tandem repeat DNA polymorphisms in Japanese and Chinese". Forensic Sci Int 86:109-18. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA001027K

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Han donors living in Shenyang, China. The donors were not suspected of interpopulation genetic admixture.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lin Z, Ohshima T, Gao S, Kondo T, Takayasu T, Sato Y, Sun K "Genetic variation and relationships at five STR loci in five distinct ethnic groups in China". Forensic Sci Int. 112:179-89. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001030E

Sample Description:This sample consists of nonalcoholic Chinese Han recruited from community members and medical staff in northern Taiwan. All were negative for major mental illnesses and conduct disorders. These subjects where used as controls in a study of alcoholics and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All subjects were unrelated.

Number of Chromosomes: 170

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lu RB, Lee JF, Ko HC, Lin WW. "Dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) is associated with alcoholism with conduct disorder ". Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 25:177-184. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001033H

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese donors residing in Hong Kong.

Number of Chromosomes: 702

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Law MY, Wong DM, Fung WK, Chan KL, Li C, Lun TS, Lai KM, Cheung KY, Chiu CT. "Genetic polymorphism at three STR loci--CSF1PO, HUMTHO1 and TPOX, and the AMP-FLP locus D1S80 for the Chinese population in Hong Kong". Forensic Sci Int. 115:103-105. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiwanese Han

Sample UID: SA001040F

Sample Description:This sample consists of people of Han ancestry living in Taiwan who were recruited from both the community (Chinshan and Sanchi Township) and the Health Screening Ward at National Taiwan University Hospital. The average age of subjects was 61.6 (s.d. = 8.0) years (range 43-85 years), and all but 2 were male. Participants did not have any alcohol drinking problems (either never drank or only occasionally drank in low quantity) and were included as normal controls in a study of alcoholics. Informed consent was obtained from each person.

Number of Chromosomes: 132

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen WJ, Loh EW, Hsu YP, Chen CC, Yu JM, Cheng AT. "Alcohol-metabolising genes and alcoholism among Taiwanese Han men: independent effect of ADH2, ADH3 and ALDH2". Br J Psychiatry 168:762-767. (1996) Online citation.

- Chen WJ, Lu ML, Hsu YP, Chen CC, Yu JM, Cheng AT. "Dopamine D2 receptor gene and alcoholism among four aboriginal groups and Han in Taiwan". Am J Med Genet. 74:129-136. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001055L

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Chinese volunteer donors residing in Malaysia.

Number of Chromosomes: 306

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lim KB, Jeevan NH, Jaya P, Othman MI, Lee YH. "STR data for the AmpFlSTR Profiler loci from the three main ethnic population groups (Malay, Chinese and Indian) in Malaysia". Forensic Sci Int. 119:109-112. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA001061I

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy volunteer donors of Han nation population born in Shangdong province of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Zhu B, Lu G, Shen C, Yao G, Dong H. "Han nation population in Shangdong province of china data for nine STR loci". Forensic Sci Int. 140:123-124. (2004) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA001065M

Sample Description:This sample consists of normotensive (not classified as hypertensive) nondiabetic subjects of Han Chinese origin. Individuals were without any known ancestors of other ethnic origin and all were living in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. Subjects were recruited from the hospital staff of Prince of Wales Hospital and their friends. None had a history of alcoholism or of any form of drug abuse.

Number of Chromosomes: 348

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Thomas GN, Tomlinson B, Critchley JA. "Modulation of blood pressure and obesity with the dopamine D2 receptor gene TaqI polymorphism". Hypertension 36:177-182. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA001067O

Sample Description:This sample consists of female volunteers, aged 19-21 years, who were recruited from a nursing college. None had major physical problems. All were Han Chinese and gave informed consent.

Number of Chromosomes: 268

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lin CH, Yu YW, Chen TJ, Tsa SJ, Hong CJ. "Association analysis for dopamine D2 receptor Taq1 polymorphism with P300 event-related potential for normal young females". Psychiatr Genet. 11:165-169. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001082L

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese Han individuals residing in Henan province, middle China.

Number of Chromosomes: 244

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Si Y, Wang J, Zhao C, Hao B, Li Y, Zhu W, Wang Y, Yu L. "Allele frequencies for nine PCR-typed STR loci in a population from middle China". Forensic Sci Int. 127:145-146. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001102E

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy donors residing in Macau, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 304

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Fung WK, Leong KL, Wong CL. "Chinese population data in Macau at nine STR loci". Forensic Sci Int. 126:95-96. (2002)

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001104G

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated volunteer Chinese donors living in Taiwan.

Number of Chromosomes: 571

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen MY, Wu FC, Meng LM, Cheng SM, Chao CH, Pu CE. "Population data on X chromosome short tandem repeat loci HPRTB and AR in Taiwan". Forensic Sci Int. 126:171-172. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001118L

Sample Description:This sample consists of rendomly selected unrelated healthy donors of the population living in Chengdu in Southern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 444

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Waiyawuth W, Zhang L, Rittner C, Schneider PM. "Genetic analysis of the short tandem repeat system D12S391 in the German and three Asian populations". Forensic Sci Int. 94:25-31. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA001122G

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals residing in Changsha, china.

Number of Chromosomes: 216

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ma Y, Gong B, Xia J, Deng H, Pan Q, Li Q, Dai H, Wen S, Xia K. "Han Chinese population data for ten STR loci in Changsha, China". J Forensic Sci. 47:404-5. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA001141H

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Han donors from Gansu province, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 216

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Xunling XX, Xiaolin H, Xiaolin RG "Population study of three STR loci -- HUMTH01, TPOX and CSF1PO in Dong-xiang, Hui and Han from northwest China". Forensic Sci Int 119:258-9. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001172L

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated chinese residing in Hong Kong SAR, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 494

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Law MY, To KY, Ho SH, Pang BC, Wong LM, Wun HL, Yau SK, Chan KL. "STR data for the PowerPlex 16 loci for the Chinese population in Hong Kong". Forensic Sci Int. 129:64-7. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chao Shan

Sample UID: SA001271L

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese who speak in Chao Shan dialect and reside in the Chao Shan area, South China, for more than two generations.

Number of Chromosomes: 288

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Hu SP, Yu XJ, Liu JW, Cai KL. "Analysis of STR polymorphisms in the Chao Shan population in South China". Forensic Sci Int. 147:93-95. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chengdu

Sample UID: SA001264N

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated volunteer donors living in Chengdu, a city in south-central China.

Number of Chromosomes: 406

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liang W, Du H, Chen G, Lv M, Zhang L. "Allele Frequency Distributions for 15 STR Loci in Chinese Chengdu Han Population". J Forensic Sci. 50:230-231. (2005)

Sample Name: Beijing

Sample UID: SA001282N

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese donors residing in Beijing, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 396

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Fung WK, Ye J, Hu L, Zhao X, Liu B, Wong DM, Law MY. "Allele frequencies for nine STR loci in Beijing Chinese". Forensic Sci Int. 121:207-209. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Macau

Sample UID: SA001311G

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy blood donors living in the region of Macau, a territory located in the southeastern coast of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 174

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Gusmao L, Prata MJ, Sanchez-Diz P, Lareu MV, Carracedo A, Alves C, Martins N, Amorim A. "STR data for the AmpFlSTR profiler plus loci from Macau (China)". Forensic Sci Int. 123:74-75. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Beijing

Sample UID: SA001209M

Sample Description:This sample consists of eastern Asians from Beijing in northern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 104

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen LZ, Easteal S, Board PG, Kirk RL. "Evolution of beta-globin haplotypes in human populations". Mol Biol Evol. 7:423-437. (1990) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001335M

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese individuals in Taiwan. Samples were collected from blood donors at Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Central Police University.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lee JC, Chen CH, Tsai LC, Linacre A, Chang JG "The screening of 13 short tandem repeat loci in the Chinese population". Forensic Sci Int. 87:137-44. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Hong Kong Chinese

Sample UID: SA001350J

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese from Hong Kong.

Number of Chromosomes: 568

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wong DM, Law MY, Fung WK, Chan KL, Li C, Lun TS, Lai KM, Cheung KY, Chiu CT. "Population data for 12 STR loci in Hong Kong Chinese". Int J Legal Med. 114:281-284. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese,Taiwan

Sample UID: SA001143J

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated chinese individuals in Taiwan.

Number of Chromosomes: 1000

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Pu CE, Wu FC, Cheng CL, Wu KC, Chao CH, Li JM "DNA short tandem repeat profiling of Chinese population in Taiwan determined by using an automated sequencer". Forensic Sci Int. 97:47-51. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001255N

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese living in the United States. Samples provided by hte California Department of Justice, Orange County Sheriff's-Coroner Laboratory, and the Oregon State Police.

Number of Chromosomes: 392

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Budowle B, Shea B, Niezgoda S, Chakraborty R. "CODIS STR loci data from 41 sample populations". J Forensic Sci. 46:453-489. (2001) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001343L

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated , healthy individuals from Chen Yong area.

Number of Chromosomes: 190

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Brinkmann B, Junge A, Meyer E, Wiegand P. "Population genetic diversity in relation to microsatellite heterogeneity". Hum Mutat 11:135-144. (1998) Online citation.

- Rolf B, Waterkamp K, Huhne J. "Allele frequency data for the FGA locus in eight populations". Int J Legal Med. 111:55-6. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000845R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese of Han nationality in the northeast part of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 328

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liu C, Harashima N, Katsuyama Y, Ota M, Arakura A, Fukushima H. "ACTBP2 gene frequency distribution and sequencing of the allelic ladder and variants in the Japanese and Chinese populations". Int J legal Med 110:208-212. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000851O

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals recruited from a community-based health screening program of the work force residing in Hong Kong.

Number of Chromosomes: 414

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ng MC, Wang Y, So WY, Cheng S, Visvikis S, Zee RY, Fernandez-Cruz A, Lindpaintner K, Chan JC. "Ethnic differences in the linkage disequilibrium and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 35 candidate genes for cardiovascular diseases". Genomics 83: 559-65. (2004) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000859W

Sample Description:This sample was collected from normal, healthy, unrelated Chinese volunteers.

Number of Chromosomes: 613

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Poon PM, Pang CP, Chen QL, Zhong N, Lai KY, Lau CH, Wong CK, Brown WT. "FRAXAC1 and DXS548 polymorphisms in the Chinese population". Am J Med Genet 84:208-13. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA000865T

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Chinese Han adults from the Chen Yong area.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Brinkmann B, Junge A, Meyer E, Wiegand P. "Population genetic diversity in relation to microsatellite heterogeneity". Hum Mutat 11:135-144. (1998) Online citation.

- Takeshita H, Meyer E, Brinkmann B. "The STR loci HumTPO and HumLPL: population genetic data in eight populations". Int J Legal Med. 110:331-3. . (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001460L

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Han individuals living in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui Province and Shanghai city (eastern China).

Number of Chromosomes: 230

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Gao Y, Zhang Z, Bian S, Wang Z. "Genetic polymorphism of two STR loci D1S1609 and D18S976 in a Chinese population". J Forensic Sci. 50:722. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001463O

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals of Chinese Han ethnic group in Huanggang, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 238

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Xu JJ, Xiao B, Sun YT, Hu HZ. "Polymorphism data at two STR loci in Chinese population ". J Forensic Sci. 50:707. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Southern Han (Guangdong)

Sample UID: SA001648T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Southern Han Chinese living in the Guangdong Province, southern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 222

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshiura KI et al. "A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type.". Nat Genet. 38:324-330. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Southern Han (Hunan)

Sample UID: SA001649U

Sample Description:This sample consists of Southern Han Chinese living in the Hunan Province, southern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 206

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshiura KI et al. "A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type.". Nat Genet. 38:324-330. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiwanese Han

Sample UID: SA001379U

Sample Description:This sample consists of Taiwanese Han from mainland China. Informed consent was obtains from all subjects.

Number of Chromosomes: 268

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chang JG, Ko YC, Lee JC, Chang SJ, Liu TC, Shih MC, Peng CT. "Molecular analysis of mutations and polymorphisms of the Lewis secretor type alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase gene reveals that Taiwan aborigines are of Austronesian derivation". J Hum Genet. 47:60-65. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiwanese Han, North

Sample UID: SA001380M

Sample Description:This sample consists of Taiwanese Han from northern mainland China. Informed consent was obtains from all subjects.

Number of Chromosomes: 120

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chang JG, Ko YC, Lee JC, Chang SJ, Liu TC, Shih MC, Peng CT. "Molecular analysis of mutations and polymorphisms of the Lewis secretor type alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase gene reveals that Taiwan aborigines are of Austronesian derivation". J Hum Genet. 47:60-65. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiwanese Han, South

Sample UID: SA001381N

Sample Description:This sample consists of Taiwanese Han from southern mainland China. Informed consent was obtains from all subjects.

Number of Chromosomes: 154

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chang JG, Ko YC, Lee JC, Chang SJ, Liu TC, Shih MC, Peng CT. "Molecular analysis of mutations and polymorphisms of the Lewis secretor type alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase gene reveals that Taiwan aborigines are of Austronesian derivation". J Hum Genet. 47:60-65. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001462N

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals of Chinese Han ethnic group in Chengdu, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 114

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yuan WA, Yun LB, Song XH, Bai P, Tian L, Sun ML, Zhang J, Li YB, Wu J, Hou YP. "Population data of two STR loci in Chinese population". J Forensic Sci. 50:713. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han, HGDP-CEPH

Sample UID: SA001483Q

Sample Description:This sample is part of the Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel collected by the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) and the Foundation Jean Dausset (CEPH).

A sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, California. Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd.

Number of Chromosomes: 90

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000009J

References:
- Rosenberg NA, Pritchard JK, Weber JL, Cann HM, Kidd KK, Zhivotovsky LA, Feldman MW. "Genetic structure of human populations". Science 298:2381-2385. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA001589X

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated, healthy Chinese Han living north of Guangdong province of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 204

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Zhu J, Li J, Guo Y, Liu K, Zhu B, Liu Y. "Population data of 15 STR in Chinese Han population from north of Guangdong". J Forensic Sci. 50:1510-1511. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001671P

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy individuals living in eastern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Gao Y, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Bian S. "Genetic data of 15 STR forensic loci in eastern Chinese population". Forensic Sci Int. 154:78-80. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001738T

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy individuals of the Chinese Han ethnic group in Chengdu of Sichuan, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Jiang S, Wu W, Yun L, Bai P, Hu J, Liu L, Luo H, Wu J, Li Y, Hou Y. "Distribution of D9S2150, GATA164F07, and D10S2469 alleles in a Chinese population sample". J Forensic Sci. 51:448-449. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001794V

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese Han individuals who speak Min Nan dialect, and was born and whose families had resided in An Xi mountainous area, Min Nan, Southeast China, for more than three generations.

Number of Chromosomes: 244

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Hu SP, Wu DQ, Xu XH, Liu JW, Li B. "Genetic profile of 15 STR loci in the Min Nan population in Southeast China". Forensic Sci Int. 152:263-265. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001963T

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals of the Chinese Han ethnic group in Anyang, Central China.

Number of Chromosomes: 202

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ying BW, Fan H, Liu TT, Zhao ZH, Liang ZH, Feng S, Yuan WA, Yun LB. "Genetic variation for five short tandem repeat loci in a Central China population sample". J Forensic Sci. 51:1201. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Fujian Han

Sample UID: SA002008K

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Han individuals from the Fuijan Province in southern China. Each individual was the offspring of a non-sanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations.

Number of Chromosomes: 64

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ma L, Xue Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Cui X, Li P, Fu S. "Polymorphism study of seven SNPs at ADH genes in 15 Chinese populations". Hereditas. 142:103-111. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Sichuan Han

Sample UID: SA002012F

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Han individuals from Sichuan Province in southern China. Each individual was the offspring of a non-sanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations.

Number of Chromosomes: 64

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ma L, Xue Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Cui X, Li P, Fu S. "Polymorphism study of seven SNPs at ADH genes in 15 Chinese populations". Hereditas. 142:103-111. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Xinjiang Han

Sample UID: SA002022G

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy unrelated Han individuals from the Xinjiang Province in northwest China. Each individual was the offspring of a non-sanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations.

Number of Chromosomes: 64

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ma L, Xue Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Cui X, Li P, Fu S. "Polymorphism study of seven SNPs at ADH genes in 15 Chinese populations". Hereditas. 142:103-111. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese (Fujian)

Sample UID: SA002038N

Sample Description:This sample consists of southern Chinese individuals from Fuji.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nakajima T, Wooding S, Sakagami T, Emi M, Tokunaga K, Tamiya G, Ishigami T, Umemura S, Munkhbat B, Jin F, Guan-Jun J, Hayasaka I, Ishida T, Saitou N, Pavelka K, Lalouel JM, Jorde LB, Inoue I. "Natural selection and population history in the human angiotensinogen gene (AGT): 736 complete AGT sequences in chromosomes from around the world". Am J Hum Genet 74:898-916. (2004) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese (Guangdong)

Sample UID: SA002039O

Sample Description:This sample consists of Southern Chinese individuals from Guangdong, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nakajima T, Wooding S, Sakagami T, Emi M, Tokunaga K, Tamiya G, Ishigami T, Umemura S, Munkhbat B, Jin F, Guan-Jun J, Hayasaka I, Ishida T, Saitou N, Pavelka K, Lalouel JM, Jorde LB, Inoue I. "Natural selection and population history in the human angiotensinogen gene (AGT): 736 complete AGT sequences in chromosomes from around the world". Am J Hum Genet 74:898-916. (2004) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese (Heilongjian)

Sample UID: SA002040G

Sample Description:This sample consists of northern Chinese from Heilongjian, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nakajima T, Wooding S, Sakagami T, Emi M, Tokunaga K, Tamiya G, Ishigami T, Umemura S, Munkhbat B, Jin F, Guan-Jun J, Hayasaka I, Ishida T, Saitou N, Pavelka K, Lalouel JM, Jorde LB, Inoue I. "Natural selection and population history in the human angiotensinogen gene (AGT): 736 complete AGT sequences in chromosomes from around the world". Am J Hum Genet 74:898-916. (2004) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001978Z

Sample Description:This sample consists of healhty, randomly selected males from Beijing, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 950

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wang X, Fan Z, Huang J, Su S, Yu Q, Zhao J, Hui R, Yao Z, Shen Y, Qiang B, Gu D. "Extensive association analysis between polymorphisms of PON gene cluster with coronary heart disease in Chinese Han population". Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 23:328-334. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001981T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese individuals living in Singapore. It contains 229 men and 212 women between the ages of 18 and 74.

Number of Chromosomes: 441

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sanghera DK, Saha N, Aston CE, Kamboh MI. "Genetic polymorphism of paraoxonase and the risk of coronary heart disease". Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 17:1067-1073. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001455P

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy Chinese volunteer donors.

Number of Chromosomes: 224

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wang C, Lv M, Liang W, Jia Y, Zhang L "Allele frequency distribution of STR D5S819 in four populations ". J Forensic Sci 50:723-724. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001741N

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals of the Chinese Han ethnic group from Chengdu, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 218

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ran P, Zhang B, Zhou B, Bai P, Zhou X, Chen K, Li Y, Hou Y, Wu J. "Polymorphism of three short tandem repeat loci in Chinese population". J Forensic Sci. 51:450. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chengdu Han

Sample UID: SA001445O

Sample Description:This sample consists of volunteer donors from Chengdu, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 308

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liang W, Lv M, Xu Y, Liao M, Zhou B, Jia Y, Lin Z "STR Loci D19S400's allele frequency distribution in ten populations.". J Forensic Sci 50:725. (2005)

Sample Name: Guanzhou Han

Sample UID: SA001446P

Sample Description:This sample consists of volunteer donors from Guanzhou, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 196

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liang W, Lv M, Xu Y, Liao M, Zhou B, Jia Y, Lin Z "STR Loci D19S400's allele frequency distribution in ten populations.". J Forensic Sci 50:725. (2005)

Sample Name: Jilin Han

Sample UID: SA001447Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of volunteer donors from Jilin, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 198

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liang W, Lv M, Xu Y, Liao M, Zhou B, Jia Y, Lin Z "STR Loci D19S400's allele frequency distribution in ten populations.". J Forensic Sci 50:725. (2005)

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001810K

Sample Description:A sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, California. Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000009J

References:
- Verdu P, Barreiro LB, Patin E, Gessain A, Cassar O, Kidd JR, Kidd KK, Behar DM, Froment A, Heyer E, Sica L, Casanova J-L, Abel L, Quintana-Murci L. "Evolutionary Insights into the High Worldwide Prevalence of MBL2 Deficiency Alleles". Hum Mol Genet. 15:2650-2658. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese-Singaporean

Sample UID: SA001587V

Sample Description:This sample consists of ethnic Chinese neonates born in Singagore. This sample was classified by the reported ethnic group of the mother.

Number of Chromosomes: 114

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Beaty TH, Fallin MD, Hetmanski JB, McIntosh I, Chong SS, Ingersoll R, Sheng X, Chakraborty R, Scott AF. "Haplotype diversity in 11 candidate genes across four populations". Genetics 171:259-67. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Sichuan Chinese

Sample UID: SA001712L

Sample Description:This sample consists of paternally unrelated men from Sichuan, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 146

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nadkarni NA, Weale ME, von Schantz M, Thomas MG. "Evolution of a length polymorphism in the human PER3 gene, a component of the circadian system". J Biol Rhythms. 20:490-499. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001603K

Sample Description:This sample consists of Northern Han Chinese living in Shanxi, norhtern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 148

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshiura KI et al. "A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type.". Nat Genet. 38:324-330. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001604L

Sample Description:This sample consists of Northern Han Chinese living in Jingsu, eastern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 238

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshiura KI et al. "A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type.". Nat Genet. 38:324-330. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Southern Han (Fujian)

Sample UID: SA001605M

Sample Description:This sample consists of Southern Han Chinese living in the Fujian Province, southern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 236

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshiura KI et al. "A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type.". Nat Genet. 38:324-330. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001606N

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han Chinese from multi-regions in China.

Number of Chromosomes: 104

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yoshiura KI et al. "A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type.". Nat Genet. 38:324-330. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001744Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese individuals from Malaysia.

Number of Chromosomes: 432

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Izuan M, Seah LH, Panneerchelvam S, Nor NM. "STR data for the PowerPlex 16 System loci for the Malays, Chinese and Indians groups of the Malaysian population". J Forensic Sci. 50:1225-1228. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA001797Y

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese Han from Jilin Province, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 400

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yang B, Wang G, Liu Y, Yang W. "Population data for the AmpFl STR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit in China Han in Jilin Province, China". Forensic Sci Int. 151:293-297. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (N. China), HGDP-CEPH

Sample UID: SA001816Q

Sample Description:This sample includes Han individuals #1287-1296 sampled from nothern Chinais and part of the Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel collected by the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) and the Foundation Jean Dausset (CEPH).

Number of Chromosomes: 20

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA001483Q

References:
- Rosenberg NA, Mahajan S, Ramachandran S, Zhao C, Pritchard JK, Feldman MW. "Clines, clusters, and the effect of study design on the inference of human population structure". PLoS Genet. e70. (2005)

Sample Name: Han, HGDP-CEPH

Sample UID: SA001817R

Sample Description:This sample is part of the Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel collected by the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) and the Foundation Jean Dausset (CEPH).

A sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, California. Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd.

Number of Chromosomes: 70

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA001483Q

References:
- Rosenberg NA, Mahajan S, Ramachandran S, Zhao C, Pritchard JK, Feldman MW. "Clines, clusters, and the effect of study design on the inference of human population structure". PLoS Genet. e70. (2005)

Sample Name: Shenyang Chinese

Sample UID: SA001409O

Sample Description:This sample consists of random donors from Shenyang, Northern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 276

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liu YH, Koda Y, Soejima M, Pang H, Wang BJ, Kim DS, Oh HB, Kimura H. "The fusion gene at the ABO-secretor locus (FUT2): absence in Chinese populations". J Hum Genet. 44:181-184. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Guangzhou Chinese

Sample UID: SA001410G

Sample Description:This sample consists of random donors from Guangzhou, Southern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 308

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liu YH, Koda Y, Soejima M, Pang H, Wang BJ, Kim DS, Oh HB, Kimura H. "The fusion gene at the ABO-secretor locus (FUT2): absence in Chinese populations". J Hum Genet. 44:181-184. (1999) Online citation.

Sample Name: Hong Kong Chinese

Sample UID: SA001687W

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated healthy Chinese donors residing in Hong Kong, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 650

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chan KM, Chiu CT, Tsui P, Wong DM, Fung WK. "Population data for the Identifier 15 STR loci in Hong Kong Chinese". Forensic Sci Int. 152:307-309. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA001688X

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Chinese residing in Singapore.

Number of Chromosomes: 418

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Syn CK, Chuah SY, Ang HC, Lim SE, Tan-Siew WF, Chow ST, Budowle B. "Genetic data for the 13 CODIS STR loci in Singapore Chinese". Forensic Sci Int. 152:285-288. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA002108L

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated male and female Chinese from China.

Number of Chromosomes: 172

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Goedde HW, Agarwal DP, Fritze G, Meier-Tackmann D, Singh S, Beckmann G, Bhatia K, Chen LZ, Fang B, Lisker R "Distribution of ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes in different populations". Hum Genet. 88:344-6. (1992) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han

Sample UID: SA001443M

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals of Chinese Han ethnic group in Chengdu of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 520

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ying BW, Wei YG, Sun XM, Hou YP. "STR data for the AmpFISTR profiler plus from Western China". J Forensic Sci 50:716-717. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han ,Southern China

Sample UID: SA001444N

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals from Han ethnic group of Southern China (Nanning City, Guangxi, China). Informed consent was obtained from all individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 314

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ye QS, Tang JP, Wang C, Jiang KL. "Population genetics for six STR Loci in the population from Southern China ". J Forensic Sci 50:730-731. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: China, northern

Sample UID: SA002705O

Sample Description:This sample consists of umbilical cord blood samples that were collected from newborns from major hospitals in 12 cities in China from March to November 1998. The cities in Northern china includes Yanbian, Urumchi, Changchun, Jinan, Xi'an, Shenyang, Beijing and Jilin. Only newborns of Han ethnicity were included in the city. This study was conducted under the auspices of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defect Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS) and was coordinated through its head office, the International Center on Birth Defects. Local review boards approved the study.In all cases personal identifiers were removed before data were provided to ICBD for epidemiological analysis.

Number of Chromosomes: 1286

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wilcken B, Bamforth F, Li Z, Zhu H, Ritvanen A, Renlund M, Stoll C, Alembik Y, Dott B, Czeizel AE, Gelman-Kohan Z, Scarano G, Bianca S, Ettore G, Tenconi R, Bellato S, Scala I, Mutchinick OM, López MA, de Walle H, Hofstra R, Joutchenko L, Kavteladze L, Bermejo E, Martínez-Frías ML, Gallagher M, Erickson JD, Vollset SE, Mastroiacovo P, Andria G, Botto LD. "Geographical and ethnic variation of the 677C>T allele of 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR): findings from over 7000 newborns from 16 areas world wide". J Med Genet. 40:619-25.. (2003) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese, southern

Sample UID: SA002706P

Sample Description:This sample consists of umbilical cord blood samples that were collected from newborns from major hospitals in 12 cities in China from March to November 1998. The cities in Southern china includes Wuhan, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Chengdu. Only newborns of Han ethnicity were included in the city. This study was conducted under the auspices of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defect Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS) and was coordinated through its head office, the International Center on Birth Defects. Local review boards approved the study.In all cases personal identifiers were removed before data were provided to ICBD for epidemiological analysis.

Number of Chromosomes: 860

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wilcken B, Bamforth F, Li Z, Zhu H, Ritvanen A, Renlund M, Stoll C, Alembik Y, Dott B, Czeizel AE, Gelman-Kohan Z, Scarano G, Bianca S, Ettore G, Tenconi R, Bellato S, Scala I, Mutchinick OM, López MA, de Walle H, Hofstra R, Joutchenko L, Kavteladze L, Bermejo E, Martínez-Frías ML, Gallagher M, Erickson JD, Vollset SE, Mastroiacovo P, Andria G, Botto LD. "Geographical and ethnic variation of the 677C>T allele of 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR): findings from over 7000 newborns from 16 areas world wide". J Med Genet. 40:619-25.. (2003) Online citation.

Sample Name: Taiyuan

Sample UID: SA003359U

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 564

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.

- Evans AE, Zhang W, Moreel JF, Bard JM, Ricard S, Poirier O, Tiret L, Fruchart JC, Cambien F. "Polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B and E genes and their relationship to plasma lipid variables in healthy Chinese men". Hum Genet. 92:191-7. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Mongolians

Sample UID: SA003367T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 188

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen BS. "Distribution of apoE phenotypes and frequencies of apoE alleles in Mongolian population". Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 12:223-6. (1990) Online citation.

- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003758X

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese individuals of Han ancestry recruited in China.

Number of Chromosomes: 414

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Edwards M, Bigham A, Tan J, Li S, Gozdzik A, Ross K, Jin L, Parra EJ. "Association of the OCA2 polymorphism His615Arg with melanin content in east Asian populations: further evidence of convergent evolution of skin pigmentation". PLoS Genet (Epub, ahead of print) 6:(2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA003766W

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Han Chinese controls from a population based case-control study conducted at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute.

Number of Chromosomes: 3200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Dai H, Zhang L, Cao M, Song F, Zheng H, Zhu X, Wei Q, Zhang W, Chen K. "The role of polymorphisms in circadian pathway genes in breast tumorigenesis". Breast Cancer Res Treat. 172:531-40. (2011) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003717S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese individuals. The DNA for the sample were provided by Kenneth and Judith Kidd, Yale School of Medicine.

Number of Chromosomes: 20

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000001B and SA000009J

References:
- Jorde LB, Bamshad MJ, Watkins WS, Zenger R, Fraley AE, Krakowiak PA, Carpenter KD, Soodyall H, Jenkins T, Rogers AR. "Origins and affinities of modern humans: a comparison of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic data.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57:523-538. (1995) Online citation.

- Xing J, Watkins WS, Shlien A, Walker E, Huff CD, Witherspoon DJ, Zhang Y, Simonson TS, Weiss RB, Schiffman JD, Malkin D, Woodward SR, Jorde LB. "Toward a more uniform sampling of human genetic diversity: a survey of worldwide populations by high-density genotyping". Genomics 96:199-210. (2010) Online citation.

- Xing J, Watkins WS, Witherspoon DJ, Zhang Y, Guthery SL, Thara R, Mowry BJ, Bulayeva K, Weiss RB, Jorde LB. "Fine-scaled human genetic structure revealed by SNP microarrays". Genome Res. 19:815-25. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA003464R

Sample Description:This sample consists of 72 male and 72 female unrelated Han Chinese in Henan Province. Informed consent was obtained from all the individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 288

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Zeng Z, Yan H, Wang L, Yuan E, Yang W, Liao Z, Dong Z "Genome-wide Screen for Individual Identification SNPs(II SNPs) and the confirmation of six of them in Han Chinese with Pyrosequencing Technology". J Forensic Sci 55:901-907. (2010)

Sample Name: Han (Guangdong)

Sample UID: SA003184Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guangdong Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 392

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Yunnan)

Sample UID: SA003185R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Yunnan Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 260

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Guizhou)

Sample UID: SA003186S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guizhou Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 168

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Sichuan)

Sample UID: SA003187T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Sichuan Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 478

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Wuhan)

Sample UID: SA003188U

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Wuhan Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 352

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Shandong)

Sample UID: SA003189V

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Shangdong Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 328

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Liaoning)

Sample UID: SA003190N

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Liaoning Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 608

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Xinjiang)

Sample UID: SA003191O

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Xinjiang Province, China. The geographic origin of the individuals studied were ascertained by both self-reported geographic precoding tenacy of the three generations and absence of family history of migration.

Number of Chromosomes: 54

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ji LD, Xu J, Wu DD, Xie SD, Tang NL, Zhang YP "Association of disease-predisposition polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors and sunshine duration in the global human populations". J Pineal Res. 48:133-141. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003903P

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese Han population in Yunnan region.

Number of Chromosomes: 482

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wang X, Zhong S, Gao L, Dou S, He G, Ran Y, Bao J, Jing Q. "An association study between polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH1B), aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH2), cytochrome(CYP4502E1), Catechol-o-Methyltransferase (COMT) and 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter(5-HTT) genes in Yunnan Han population with alcohol dependence". African Journal of Biotechnology 10:12164-12170. (2011)

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003912P

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han subjects who were residents of Linxian County, Henan Province, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 300

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tan W, Song N, Wang GQ, Liu Q, Tang HJ, Kadlubar FF, Lin DX. "Impact of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2E1 and glutathione S-transferases M1, T1, and P1 on susceptibility to esophageal cancer among high-risk individuals in China". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 9:551-6. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shantou city

Sample UID: SA003936V

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated volunteers from Shantou city, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tang K, Li X, Xing Q, Li W, Feng G, He L, Qin S. "Genetic polymorphism analysis of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in Chinese Han populations from four different geographic areas of Mainland China". Genomics. 95:224-9. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shangai

Sample UID: SA003937W

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated volunteers from Shanghai city, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tang K, Li X, Xing Q, Li W, Feng G, He L, Qin S. "Genetic polymorphism analysis of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in Chinese Han populations from four different geographic areas of Mainland China". Genomics. 95:224-9. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shenyang

Sample UID: SA003938X

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated individuals from Shenyang city, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tang K, Li X, Xing Q, Li W, Feng G, He L, Qin S. "Genetic polymorphism analysis of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in Chinese Han populations from four different geographic areas of Mainland China". Genomics. 95:224-9. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Xian

Sample UID: SA003939Y

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated volunteers from Xian city, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tang K, Li X, Xing Q, Li W, Feng G, He L, Qin S. "Genetic polymorphism analysis of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in Chinese Han populations from four different geographic areas of Mainland China". Genomics. 95:224-9. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Liaonin)

Sample UID: SA002888A

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Liaonin Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 76

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Shanxi)

Sample UID: SA002892V

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han from Shanxi Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 90

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Shandong)

Sample UID: SA002894X

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Shandong Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 90

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002907S

Sample Description:This sample consists of males from Zhejiang, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 66

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002908T

Sample Description:This sample consists of males from Hubei, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 82

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002911N

Sample Description:This sample consists of males from Guizhou, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 122

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002913P

Sample Description:This sample consists of males from Hunan, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 42

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002953T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han volunteers who are permanent inhabitants in plain (between 200 and 400m above sea level) in China. All subjects are healthy, unrelated and gave informed consent for participation in the study. The protocols was approved by the Ethics Review Committees in the two institutions that participated in this study.

Number of Chromosomes: 296

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Liu XL, Zhang FL, Zhou ZY, Zhao HL, Shen GM, Baohan WY, Duan ZY, Li W, Zhang JW "Analysis of two sequence variants in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma gene in Tajik population at high altitudes and Han population at low altitudes in China". Mol Biol Rep.Mol Biol Rep. (Epub, ahead of print) (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003528S

Sample Description:This sample consists of 200 unrelated Han individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 400

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi Y, Xiang P, Li L, Shen M "Analysis of 50 SNPs in CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in Chinese Han population". Forensic Sci Int. Nov 9, Epub, ahead of print (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003852S

Sample Description:This sample consists of randomly selected Han individuals from China. All individuals gave informed consent for the study.

Number of Chromosomes: 216

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Li CT, Zhang SH, Zhao SM. "Genetic analysis of 30 InDel markers for forensic use in five different Chinese populations". Genet Mol Res. 10:964-79. (2011) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003857X

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese Han individuals from Sichuan province.

Number of Chromosomes: 420

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Gu Y, Yun L, Zhang L, Yang F, Hou Y "The potential forensic utility of two single nucleotide polymorphisms in predicting biogeographical ancestry (Epub, ahead of print)". Forensic Science International:Genetics Suppl. series (2011)

Sample Name: Jilin

Sample UID: SA003867Y

Sample Description:This sample consists of han individuals from the Jilin province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 28

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Gansu

Sample UID: SA003868Z

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from the Gansu province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 348

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shanxi

Sample UID: SA003869A

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from the Shanxi province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 88

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shannxi

Sample UID: SA003870S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from the Shannxi province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 104

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Henan

Sample UID: SA003871T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from the Henan province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 112

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shandong

Sample UID: SA003872U

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from the Shandong province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 180

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Anhui

Sample UID: SA003873V

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Anhui province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 68

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Liaonin

Sample UID: SA003874W

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Liaonin province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 56

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Hubei

Sample UID: SA003875X

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Hubei province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 82

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Jiangsu

Sample UID: SA003876Y

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Jiangsu province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Guangxi

Sample UID: SA003877Z

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guangxi province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 18

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Guizhou

Sample UID: SA003878A

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guizhou province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 122

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Hunan

Sample UID: SA003879B

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Hunan province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 40

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Zhejiang

Sample UID: SA003880T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Zhejiang province, China. The protocol of the study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 64

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Peng Y, Shi H, Qi XB, Xiao CJ, Zhong H, Ma RL, Su B. "The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in east Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history". BMC Evol Biol 10:15. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003587X

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese railway construction workers at Qinghai-Tibet where the altitude is over 4500m above sea level. The subjects were workers participating for the first time in the Qinghai-Tibet railway construction project.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Basic Medical sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 320

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yu-Jing S, Ming-Wu F, Wen-Quan N, Guang-Ping L, Jing-Liang L, Shou-Quan D, Ying X, Guo-Shu Y, Jian-Qun D, Yun-Jun P, Wei-Ya D, Tian W, Jing-Wen C, Xiao-Bo L, Zhong-Xiang W, Guang-Xue Y, Hui-Cheng S, Zhong-Hou J, Jun L, Xiao-Ming W, Qin S, Qi-Xia W, Wen-Yu Z, Tong-Chun Z, Chang-Chun Q. "Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema in Chinese railway construction workers at Qinghai-Tibet over 4 500 meters above sea Level". Chin Med Sci J. 25:215-22. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003611L

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Chinese individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 924

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Li YY, Zhai ZG, Yang YH, Pang BS, Wang HY, Zhang W, Zhao L, Wang J, Wang C. "Association of the 894G>T polymorphism in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene with risk of venous thromboembolism in Chinese population". Thromb Res. (Epub,ahead of print) (2011) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003908U

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Han controls.

Number of Chromosomes: 300

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su X, Bin B, Cui H-W, Ran M-R "Cytochrome P450 2E1 RsaI/PstI and Dra I polymorphism are risk factors for Lung Cancer in Mongolian and Han population in Inner Mongolia". Chin J Cancer res 23:107-111. (2011)

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003928W

Sample Description:This sample consists of 100 male Chinese medical students.

Number of Chromosomes: 200

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chao YC, Young TH, Chang WK, Tang HS, Hsu CT. "An investigation of whether polymorphisms of cytochrome P4502E1 are genetic markers of susceptibility to alcoholic end-stage organ damage in a Chinese population". Hepatology 22:1409-14. (1995) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003932R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese subjects from the National Defense Medical Center in Taipei, Taiwan.

Number of Chromosomes: 292

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Carr LG, Yi IS, Li TK, Yin SJ. "Cytochrome P4502E1 genotypes, alcoholism, and alcoholic cirrhosis in Han Chinese and Atayal Natives of Taiwan". Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 20:43-6. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003940Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Han individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 206

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wang SM, Zhu AP, Li D, Wang Z, Zhang P, Zhang GL. "Frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the functional SNPs in CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 in mainland Chinese Kazakh, Uygur and Han populations". J Hum Genet 54:372-5. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002117L

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from the suburbs of Jilin City in Jilin Province, northern China.

Number of Chromosomes: 96

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shen YC, Fan JH, Edenberg HJ, Li TK, Cui YH, Wang YF, Tian CH, Zhou CF, Zhou RL, Wang J, Zhao ZL, Xia GY "Polymorphism of ADH and ALDH genes among four ethnic groups in China and effects upon the risk for alcoholism". Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 21:1272-7. (1997) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003128O

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy students of Han nationality from the College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University.

Number of Chromosomes: 158

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yu J, Chen B, Zhang G, Fu S, Li P. "The 677 C-->T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in five Chinese ethnic groups". Hum Hered. 50:268-70. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003630M

Sample Description:This sample of Chinese from Singapore aged between 18 and 69 years. This sample is part of the 1998 Singapore National Health Survey (NHS98).

Number of Chromosomes: 5838

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tan JT, Dorajoo R, Seielstad M, Sim XL, Ong RT, Chia KS, Wong TY, Saw SM, Chew SK, Aung T, Tai ES. "FTO variants are associated with obesity in the Chinese and Malay populations in Singapore". Diabetes. 57:2851-7. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003643Q

Sample Description:This sample is part of an multi-ethnic study of Canadians of Chinese descent. All subjects for the current study were collected from one of the following population studies: 1) the Study of Health Assessment and Risk in Ethnic Groups 2) the Sandy Lake Health and Diabetes Project and 3) the Greenland Population Study.

Number of Chromosomes: 598

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Al-Attar SA, Pollex RL, Ban MR, Young TK, Bjerregaard P, Anand SS, Yusuf S, Zinman B, Harris SB, Hanley AJ, Connelly PW, Huff MW, Hegele RA. "Association between the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and the metabolic syndrome in a non-Caucasian multi-ethnic sample". Cardiovasc Diabetol. 7:(2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA002504L

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese.

Number of Chromosomes: 80

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Stephens JC, Reich DE, Goldstein DB, Shin HD, Smith MW et.al. "Dating the origin of the CCR5-Delta32 AIDS-resistance allele by the coalescence of haplotypes". Am J Hum Genet. 62:1507-15. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han-Putian

Sample UID: SA002761Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Putian prefecture level city, Fujian Province, China. This sample was collected by Dr.Hui Li.

Number of Chromosomes: 30

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Li H & Kidd KK "Low allele frequency of ADH1B*47His in West China and different ADH1B haplotypes in Western Asia from Eastern Asia". Am. J. Med. Genet. 84:92-94. (2009)

Sample Name: Han-Minnam

Sample UID: SA002762R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Minnam, China. This sample was collected by Dr.Hui Li.

Number of Chromosomes: 38

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Li H & Kidd KK "Low allele frequency of ADH1B*47His in West China and different ADH1B haplotypes in Western Asia from Eastern Asia". Am. J. Med. Genet. 84:92-94. (2009)

Sample Name: Han-Teochow

Sample UID: SA002763S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Teochow, China. This sample was collected b Dr.Hui Li.

Number of Chromosomes: 160

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Li H & Kidd KK "Low allele frequency of ADH1B*47His in West China and different ADH1B haplotypes in Western Asia from Eastern Asia". Am. J. Med. Genet. 84:92-94. (2009)

Sample Name: Beijing

Sample UID: SA003662R

Sample Description:This sample consists of subjects recruited from the cross-sectional population-based Beijing Child and Adolescent Matabolic Syndrome(BCAMS) study.

Number of Chromosomes: 4548

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Xi B, Shen Y, Zhang M, Liu X, Zhao X, Wu L, Cheng H, Hou D, Lindpaintner K, Liu L, Mi J, Wang X. "The common rs9939609 variant of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene is associated with obesity risk in children and adolescents of Beijing, China". BMC Med Genet. 11:107. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Southwest China

Sample UID: SA002847V

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy residents from Yantig County, Sichuan Province, China. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Number of Chromosomes: 396

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yang SJ, Wang HY, Li XQ, Du HZ, Zheng CJ, Chen HG, Mu XY, Yang CX "Genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2 association with esophageal cancer risk in southwest China". World J Gastroenterol. 13:5760-4.. (2007) Online citation.

Sample Name: Hong Kong (Chinese)

Sample UID: SA003166Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese from Hong Kong.

Number of Chromosomes: 94

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Schneider JA, Rees DC, Liu YT, Clegg JB. "Worldwide distribution of a common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation". Am J Hum Genet. 62:1258-60. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese Han (CHB)

Sample UID: SA002089T

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Han Chinese from Beijing, China. Population membership was determined by asking the donor whether at least three grandparents were Han Chinese.

Number of Chromosomes: 90

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- The International HapMap Consortium. "The International HapMap Project.". Nature. 426:789-96. (2003) Online citation.

Sample Name: Fujian Han

Sample UID: SA002642O

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated Han individuals from Minqing County of Fujian province, China. Each individual was the offspring of a non-consanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations. Informed consent from the participants and the approval of appropriate local authority were obtained.

Number of Chromosomes: 244

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Mao R, Fan Y, Chen F, Fu S. "Genetic polymorphism of MTHFR G1793A in Chinese populations". Eur J Epidemiol. (Epub ahead of print) (2008)

- Mao R, Fan Y, Chen F, Sun D, Bai J, Fu S. "Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in 13 Chinese ethnic populations.". Cell Biochem Funct. 26:352-8. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Sichuan Han

Sample UID: SA002643P

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated Han individuals from Lezhi County of Sichuan province, China. Each individual was the offspring of a non-consanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations. Informed consent from the participants and the approval of appropriate local authority were obtained.

Number of Chromosomes: 190

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Mao R, Fan Y, Chen F, Fu S. "Genetic polymorphism of MTHFR G1793A in Chinese populations". Eur J Epidemiol. (Epub ahead of print) (2008)

- Mao R, Fan Y, Chen F, Sun D, Bai J, Fu S. "Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in 13 Chinese ethnic populations.". Cell Biochem Funct. 26:352-8. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Heilongjiang)

Sample UID: SA002878Z

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Heilongjiang province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 32

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA003558V

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han people recruited from the Shenzian city. THe study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Department of Science and Technology of Shenzian City and the local ethics Committees of all hospitals.

Number of Chromosomes: 618

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Cheng J, Liu J, Li X, Yu L, Peng J, Zhang R, Geng Y, Nie S "Effect of polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase on ischemic stroke: a case-control study in a Chinese population". Clin Chim Acta. 392:46-51. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002272N

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Han subjects who were recruited from two municipal cities( Beijing and Shanghai ) and 21 provinces covering most of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 2812

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wang FS, Hong WG, Cao Y, Liu MX, Jin L, Hu LP, Wang Z, Feng TJ, Hou J, Zhang B, Shi M, Xu DP, Lei ZY, Wang B, Liu ZD, Ye JJ, Peng L, Qiu Y, Winkler C "Population survey of CCR5 delta32, CCR5 m303, CCR2b 64I, and SDF1 3'A allele frequencies in indigenous Chinese healthy individuals, and in HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-uninfected individuals in HIV-1 risk groups". J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 32:124-30. (2003) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA002060I

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Chinese individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 990

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Tan EK, Zhao Y, Skipper L, Tan MG, Di Fonzo A, Sun L, Fook-Chong S, Tang S, Chua E, Yuen Y, Tan L, Pavanni R, Wong MC, Kolatkar P, Lu CS, Bonifati V, Liu JJ "The LRRK2 Gly2385Arg variant is associated with Parkinson's disease: genetic and functional evidence". Hum Genet. 120:857-63. (2007) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA002869Z

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Han individuals, mainly living in Shenyang, China. The donors were selected at random, irrespective of skin color, and their phenotypic data were unavailable.

Number of Chromosomes: 174

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Harihara S, Kido A, Miyoshi A, Saitou N, Dashnyam B, Jin F, Lucotte G, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J. "Distribution of two Asian-related coding SNPs in the MC1R and OCA2 genes". Biochem Genet. 45:535-42. (2007) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA002870R

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Han individuals, mainly living in Wuxi, China. The donors were selected at random, irrespective of skin color, and their phenotypic data were unavailable.

Number of Chromosomes: 238

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Harihara S, Kido A, Miyoshi A, Saitou N, Dashnyam B, Jin F, Lucotte G, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J. "Distribution of two Asian-related coding SNPs in the MC1R and OCA2 genes". Biochem Genet. 45:535-42. (2007) Online citation.

- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Harihara S, Miyoshi A, Saitou N, Park KS, Dashnyam B, Jin F, Lucotte G, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J "OCA2 481Thr, a hypofunctional allele in pigmentation, is characteristic of northeastern Asian populations". J Hum Genet 52:690-3.. (2007) Online citation.

- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Matsusue A, Nishimukai H, Harihara S, Fukumori Y, Saitou N, Jin F, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J. "A Japanese-specific allele in the GALNT11 gene". Leg Med (Tokyo). 12:208-11. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han Chinese

Sample UID: SA002871S

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Han individuals, mainly living in Huizhou, China. The donors were selected at random, irrespective of skin color, and their phenotypic data were unavailable. This study was approved by the Ethical Committee at the Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University.

Number of Chromosomes: 222

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Harihara S, Kido A, Miyoshi A, Saitou N, Dashnyam B, Jin F, Lucotte G, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J. "Distribution of two Asian-related coding SNPs in the MC1R and OCA2 genes". Biochem Genet. 45:535-42. (2007) Online citation.

- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Harihara S, Miyoshi A, Saitou N, Park KS, Dashnyam B, Jin F, Lucotte G, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J "OCA2 481Thr, a hypofunctional allele in pigmentation, is characteristic of northeastern Asian populations". J Hum Genet 52:690-3.. (2007) Online citation.

- Yuasa I, Umetsu K, Matsusue A, Nishimukai H, Harihara S, Fukumori Y, Saitou N, Jin F, Chattopadhyay PK, Henke L, Henke J. "A Japanese-specific allele in the GALNT11 gene". Leg Med (Tokyo). 12:208-11. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002922P

Sample Description:This sample consists of males and females from Yunnan, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 544

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Xinjiang Han

Sample UID: SA002640M

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated Han individuals from Xinjiang province, China. Each individual was the offspring of a non-consanguineous marriage of members of the same nationality within three generations. Informed consent from the participants and the approval of appropriate local authority were obtained.

Number of Chromosomes: 64

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Mao R, Fan Y, Chen F, Sun D, Bai J, Fu S. "Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in 13 Chinese ethnic populations.". Cell Biochem Funct. 26:352-8. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han-Shanghai

Sample UID: SA002724P

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Shanghai area. They were control subjects who were healthy workers occupationally exposed to benzene. All the participants gave informed consent.

Number of Chromosomes: 332

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sun P, Shao MH, Xia ZL, Zhang ZB, Wan JX, Wu F, Jin XP, Fan WW, Lu DR, Zhao NQ et al. "Polymorphisms in Phase I and Phase II Metabolism Genes and risk of Chronic Benzene Poisoning in a Chinese Occupational Population". Carcinogenesis (Epub ahead of print) (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han-Hangzhou

Sample UID: SA002725Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Hangzhou province, China. They were control subjects who were healthy workers occupationally exposed to benzene. All the participants gave informed consent.

Number of Chromosomes: 132

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sun P, Shao MH, Xia ZL, Zhang ZB, Wan JX, Wu F, Jin XP, Fan WW, Lu DR, Zhao NQ et al. "Polymorphisms in Phase I and Phase II Metabolism Genes and risk of Chronic Benzene Poisoning in a Chinese Occupational Population". Carcinogenesis (Epub ahead of print) (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han-Guangzhou

Sample UID: SA002726R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guangzhou province, China. They were control subjects who were healthy workers occupationally exposed to benzene. All the participants gave informed consent.

Number of Chromosomes: 72

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sun P, Shao MH, Xia ZL, Zhang ZB, Wan JX, Wu F, Jin XP, Fan WW, Lu DR, Zhao NQ et al. "Polymorphisms in Phase I and Phase II Metabolism Genes and risk of Chronic Benzene Poisoning in a Chinese Occupational Population". Carcinogenesis (Epub ahead of print) (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han-Wuhu

Sample UID: SA002727S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Wuhu city, Anhui province, China. They were control subjects who were healthy workers occupationally exposed to benzene. All the participants gave informed consent.

Number of Chromosomes: 344

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sun P, Shao MH, Xia ZL, Zhang ZB, Wan JX, Wu F, Jin XP, Fan WW, Lu DR, Zhao NQ et al. "Polymorphisms in Phase I and Phase II Metabolism Genes and risk of Chronic Benzene Poisoning in a Chinese Occupational Population". Carcinogenesis (Epub ahead of print) (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shanghai

Sample UID: SA002785W

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han subjects from Shanghai city which lies in the east of China. The sample consists of 50 males and 50 females aged between 18 and 53 years. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects and the study was approved by the Shanghai Ethical Committee of Human Genetic Resources.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen L, Qin S, Xie J, Tang J, Yang L, Shen W, Zhao X, Du J, He G, Feng G, He L, Xing Q "Genetic polymorphism analysis of CYP2C19 in Chinese Han populations from different geographic areas of mainland China". Pharmacogenomics. 9:691-702.. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Xian

Sample UID: SA002786X

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han subjects from Xian city which lies in the west of China. The sample consists of 50 males and 50 females aged between 18 and 53 years. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects and the study was approved by the Shanghai Ethical Committee of Human Genetic Resources.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen L, Qin S, Xie J, Tang J, Yang L, Shen W, Zhao X, Du J, He G, Feng G, He L, Xing Q "Genetic polymorphism analysis of CYP2C19 in Chinese Han populations from different geographic areas of mainland China". Pharmacogenomics. 9:691-702.. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shantou

Sample UID: SA002787Y

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han subjects from Shantou city which lies in the south of China. The sample consists of 50 males and 50 females aged between 18 and 53 years. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects and the study was approved by the Shanghai Ethical Committee of Human Genetic Resources.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen L, Qin S, Xie J, Tang J, Yang L, Shen W, Zhao X, Du J, He G, Feng G, He L, Xing Q "Genetic polymorphism analysis of CYP2C19 in Chinese Han populations from different geographic areas of mainland China". Pharmacogenomics. 9:691-702.. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shenyang

Sample UID: SA002788Z

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han subjects from Shenyang city which lies in the north of China. The sample consists of 50 males and 50 females aged between 18 and 53 years. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects and the study was approved by the Shanghai Ethical Committee of Human Genetic Resources.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chen L, Qin S, Xie J, Tang J, Yang L, Shen W, Zhao X, Du J, He G, Feng G, He L, Xing Q "Genetic polymorphism analysis of CYP2C19 in Chinese Han populations from different geographic areas of mainland China". Pharmacogenomics. 9:691-702.. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han-Anyang

Sample UID: SA002759X

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Anyang, Henan Province, China. This sample was collected by Dr.Hui Li.

Number of Chromosomes: 44

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Li H & Kidd KK "Low allele frequency of ADH1B*47His in West China and different ADH1B haplotypes in Western Asia from Eastern Asia". Am. J. Med. Genet. 84:92-94. (2009)

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA003515O

Sample Description:This sample consists of blood samples from 79 unrelated Chinese individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 158

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Lou C, Cong B, Li S, Fu L, Zhang X, Feng T, Su S, Ma C, Yu F, Ye J, Pei L. "A SNaPshot assay for genotyping 44 individual identification single nucleotide polymorphisms". Electrophoresis. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han

Sample UID: SA002076P

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Luoyang City, China.

Number of Chromosomes: 210

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Zhang ZM, Liu CZ, Bian JC, Tang BM, Jiang F, Wang QJ, Wang QM, Zhu X, Shen FM "Studies of genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2 among the Han population in Luoyang China]". Yi Chuan. 24:532-6. (2002) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han, HGDP-CEPH

Sample UID: SA002253M

Sample Description:This sample is part of the Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel collected by the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) and the Foundation Jean Dausset (CEPH). This is a sample of Han Chinese living in the San Francisco, California. Collected by L. Cavalli-Sforza (Stanford University), K.K. Kidd, and J.R. Kidd.

Note: In many publications subset H952 of the HGDP panel (with first and second degree relatives excluded from the original set) was typed and for this population that decreases the sample size (Han(s.china)) from 35 to 34 individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 88

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA001483Q

References:
- Conrad DF, Jakobsson M, Coop G, Wen X, Wall JD, Rosenberg NA, Pritchard JK. "A worldwide survey of haplotype variation and linkage disequilibrium in the human genome". Nat Genet. 38:1251-1260. (2006) Online citation.

- Rosenberg NA. "Standardized subsets of the HGDP-CEPH Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel, accounting for atypical and duplicated samples and pairs of close relatives.". Ann Hum Genet. 70:841-847. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Southwest Han

Sample UID: SA002356Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces.

Number of Chromosomes: 96

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: North Han

Sample UID: SA002357R

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Sahndong, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Henan Provinces of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 276

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: East Han

Sample UID: SA002358S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang Provinces of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 814

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Central Han

Sample UID: SA002359T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan provinces of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 336

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Northeast Han

Sample UID: SA002360L

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 74

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Southeast Han

Sample UID: SA002361M

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Fujian Province, China and Taiwan.

Number of Chromosomes: 80

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: South Han

Sample UID: SA002362N

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan provinces of China.

Number of Chromosomes: 68

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Shandong)

Sample UID: SA002121G

Sample Description:This sample consists of premature(early onset) and late onset coronary artery disease(CAD) patients recruited from Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong university between June 2001 and January 2004.

Number of Chromosomes: 804

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Jia C,Liu T,Liu Z,Li M,Hu M "Joint effects of eNOS gene T-786C and ADH2 Arg47His polymorphisms on the risk of premature coronary artery disease". Thrombosis Research (2007)

Sample Name: Northwest Han

Sample UID: SA002355P

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals from Sahnxi,shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and xinjiang provinces.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Gansu)

Sample UID: SA002897A

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Gansu Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 64

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Shannxi)

Sample UID: SA002898B

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Shannxi Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 98

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Henan)

Sample UID: SA002899C

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Henan Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 114

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han (Jiangsu)

Sample UID: SA002900L

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Jiangsu Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 70

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Anhui)

Sample UID: SA002902N

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Anhui Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 96

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: Han(Sichuan)

Sample UID: SA002904P

Sample Description:This sample consists of male Han individuals from Sichuan Province, China. The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional review board of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Number of Chromosomes: 118

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Shi H, Tan SJ, Zhong H, Hu W, Levine A, Xiao CJ, Peng Y, Qi XB, Shou WH, Ma RL, Li Y, Su B, Lu X "Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia". Am J Hum Genet. 84:534-41.. (2009) Online citation.

Sample Name: China

Sample UID: SA002001D

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals from Chengdu in the province of Sichuan of West China.

Number of Chromosomes: 126

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sánchez JJ, Phillips C, Borsting C, Balogh K, Bogus M, Fondevila M, Harrison CD, Musgrave-Brown E, Salas A, Syndercombe-Court D, Schneider PM, Carracedo A, Morling N. "A multiplex assay with 52 single nucleotide polymorphisms for human identification". Electrophoresis. 27:1713-1724. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Chinese

Sample UID: SA002718S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Chinese cancer-free males who received annual health checkups at two Lanzhou clinics in Gansu Province, China. All participants were registered between September 2004 and March 2007.

Number of Chromosomes: 960

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Guo YM, Wang Q, Liu YZ, Chen HM, Qi Z, Guo QH "Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P4502E1, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Gansu Chinese male". World J Gastroenterol. 14:1444-9. (2008) Online citation.

Sample Name: Shangai

Sample UID: SA003381P

Sample Description:This sample consists of Han individuals.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 142

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.