Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA000946T

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Finnish individuals from the Department of Immunobiology at the National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.

Number of Chromosomes: 6774

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Rostedt I, Lalu K, Lukka M, Sajantila A. "Genotyping of five short tandem repeat loci via triplex and duplex PCR. ". Forensic Sci Int. 82:217-26. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA000725O

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, unrelated men and women from Finland. The majority of the individuals are from two semi-rural communities (Kitee and Tohmajarvi) in North Karelia, Finland.

Number of Chromosomes: 236

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Dunning AM, Renges HH, Xu CF, Peacock R, Brasseur R, Laxer G, Tikkanen MJ, Butler R, Saha N, Hamsten A, et al. "Two amino acid substitutions in apolipoprotein B are in complete allelic association with the antigen group (x/y) polymorphism: evidence for little recombination in the 3' end of the human gene". Am J Hum Genet. 50:208-21. . (1992) Online citation.

- Kuusi T, Ehnholm C, Huttunen JK, Kostiainen E, Pietinen P, Leino U, Uusitalo U, Nikkari T, Iacono JM, Puska P. "Concentration and composition of serum lipoproteins during a low-fat diet at two levels of polyunsaturated fat". J Lipid Res. 26:360-7. (1985) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA000018J

Sample Description:Ethnic Finns from several different parts of Finland (not of Swedish origin). Collected by L. Peltonen (National Public Health Institute, Helsinki).

Number of Chromosomes: 72

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Chang FM, Kidd KK "Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by hetroduplex analysis". American Journal of Medical Genetics (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 74:91-4. (1997) Online citation.

- Kang AM, Palmatier MA, Kidd KK. "Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3)". Biological Psychiatry 46:151-60. (1999) Online citation.

- Kidd KK et al. http://info.med.yale.edu/genetics/kkidd/pops.html

- Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. "A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus". Hum. Genet. 103:211-27. (1998) Online citation.

- Mateu E, Calafell F, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Casals T, Kidd KK, Bertranpetit J. "Allele Frequencies in a Worldwide Survey of a CA Repeat in the First Intron of the CFTR Gene". Human Heredity 49:15-20. (1999) Online citation.

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Dietzsch E, Speed W, Pakstis AJ, Cheung K, Kidd JR, Bonne-Tamir B, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Moral P, Watson E, Krings M, Paabo S, Risch N, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "Global patterns of linkage disequilibrium at the CD4 locus and modern human origins". Science 271:1380-7. (1996) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Ruano G, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Distribution and frequency of a polymorphic Alu insertion at the plasminogen activator locus in humans". Hum. Genet. 97:759-64. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA001718R

Sample Description:This sample consists of paternally unrelated men from Finland.

Number of Chromosomes: 154

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nadkarni NA, Weale ME, von Schantz M, Thomas MG. "Evolution of a length polymorphism in the human PER3 gene, a component of the circadian system". J Biol Rhythms. 20:490-499. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finn

Sample UID: SA001974V

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy Finnish individuals (78 males, mean age 37 years, 91 females, mean age of 36 years).

Number of Chromosomes: 338

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Antikainen M, Murtomaki S, Syvanne M, Pahlman R, Tahvanainen E, Jauhiainen M, Frick MH, Ehnholm C. "The Gln-Arg191 polymorphism of the human paraoxonase gene (HUMPONA) is not associated with the risk of coronary artery disease in Finns". J Clin Invest. 98:883-885. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA001856U

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals from Helsinki, Finland.

Number of Chromosomes: 196

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Libert F, Cochaux P, Beckman G, Samson M, Aksenova M, Cao A, Czeizel A, Claustres M, de la Rua C, Ferrari M, Ferrec C, Glover G, Grinde B, Guran S, Kucinskas V, Lavinha J, Mercier B, Ogur G, Peltonen L, Rosatelli C, Schwartz M, Spitsyn V, Timar L, Beckman L, Parmentier M, Vassart G "The deltaccr5 mutation conferring protection against HIV-1 in Caucasian populations has a single and recent origin in Northeastern Europe". Hum Mol Genet. 7:399-406.. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finn

Sample UID: SA002100D

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated male and female Finns from Finland.

Number of Chromosomes: 170

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Goedde HW, Agarwal DP, Fritze G, Meier-Tackmann D, Singh S, Beckmann G, Bhatia K, Chen LZ, Fang B, Lisker R "Distribution of ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes in different populations". Hum Genet. 88:344-6. (1992) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA003984Y

Sample Description:This sample consists of healthy, Finnish controls who were part of a case-control study.

Number of Chromosomes: 266

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Scholz SW, Xiromerisiou G, Fung HC, Eerola J, Hellström O, Papadimitriou A, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Tienari PJ, Fernandez HH, Mandel R, Okun MS, Gwinn-Hardy K, Singleton AB. "The human prion gene M129V polymorphism is not associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease in three distinct populations". Neurosci Lett. 395:227-9. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA003989D

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finns. These samples were collected from the Helsinki metropolitan region including the city of Vantaa. The samples representing different age groups were included.

Number of Chromosomes: 3914

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Nurmi MH, Bishop M, Strain L, Brett F, McGuigan C, Hutchison M, Farrell M, Tilvis R, Erkkilä S, Simell O, Knight R, Haltia M. "The normal population distribution of PRNP codon 129 polymorphism". Acta Neurol Scand. 108:374-8. (2003) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA003922Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of randomly selected blood donors to the Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service and other volunteers who were healthy controls.

Number of Chromosomes: 242

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Hirvonen A, Husgafvel-Pursiainen K, Anttila S, Karjalainen A, Vainio H. "The human CYP2E1 gene and lung cancer: DraI and RsaI restriction fragment length polymorphisms in a Finnish study population". Carcinogenesis. 14:85-8. (1993) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA003214K

Sample Description:The subjects are from the Finnish population based Health 2000 study. A nationally representative sample (n=6005) of Finland's general adult population aged 30 years and older, participated in a health examination study concerning their psychological and physical well being. This sample includes 653 healthy Finnish subjects who were controls for the Anxiety Disorder Study. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the National Public Health Institute and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Number of Chromosomes: 1306

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Sipilä T, Kananen L, Greco D, Donner J, Silander K, Terwilliger JD, Auvinen P, Peltonen L, Lönnqvist J, Pirkola S, Partonen T, Hovatta I. "An Association Analysis of Circadian Genes in Anxiety Disorders". Biol Psychiatry. (Epub ahead of print) (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finland

Sample UID: SA003663S

Sample Description:This sample consists of persons from Northern Finland Birth cohort living in the northernmost provinces of Finland, Oulu and Lapland.

Number of Chromosomes: 10730

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Kaakinen M, Läärä E, Pouta A, Hartikainen AL, Laitinen J, Tammelin TH, Herzig KH, Sovio U, Bennett AJ, Peltonen L, McCarthy MI, Elliott P, De Stavola B, Järvelin MR. "Life-course analysis of a fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variant and body mass index in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 using structural equation modeling". Am J Epidemiol. 172:653-65. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Helsinki

Sample UID: SA003300G

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finns from Helsinki.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 1230

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Ehnholm C, Lukka M, Kuusi T, Nikkilä E, Utermann G. "Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in the Finnish population: gene frequencies and relation to lipoprotein concentrations". J Lipid Res. 27:227-35. (1986) Online citation.

- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA002482Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finns.

Number of Chromosomes: 380

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Stephens JC, Reich DE, Goldstein DB, Shin HD, Smith MW et.al. "Dating the origin of the CCR5-Delta32 AIDS-resistance allele by the coalescence of haplotypes". Am J Hum Genet. 62:1507-15. (1998) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA003113I

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finnish women who were controls for a study involving preeclampsia women.

Number of Chromosomes: 224

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Jääskeläinen E, Keski-Nisula L, Toivonen S, Romppanen EL, Helisalmi S, Punnonen K, Heinonen S. "MTHFR C677T polymorphism is not associated with placental abruption or preeclampsia in Finnish women". Hypertens Pregnancy. 25:73-80. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finland, Helsinki

Sample UID: SA002701K

Sample Description:This sample consists of specimens from newborns in the major maternity hospital in Finland, The Helsinki University hsopital. Sampling were restricted to babies whose parents were both Finns. Specimens consisted of the remainder of umbilical blood. This study was conducted under the auspices of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defect Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS) and was coordinated through its head office, the International Center on Birth Defects. Local review boards approved the study.In all cases personal identifiers were removed before data were provided to ICBD for epidemiological analysis.

Number of Chromosomes: 1090

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Wilcken B, Bamforth F, Li Z, Zhu H, Ritvanen A, Renlund M, Stoll C, Alembik Y, Dott B, Czeizel AE, Gelman-Kohan Z, Scarano G, Bianca S, Ettore G, Tenconi R, Bellato S, Scala I, Mutchinick OM, López MA, de Walle H, Hofstra R, Joutchenko L, Kavteladze L, Bermejo E, Martínez-Frías ML, Gallagher M, Erickson JD, Vollset SE, Mastroiacovo P, Andria G, Botto LD. "Geographical and ethnic variation of the 677C>T allele of 5,10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR): findings from over 7000 newborns from 16 areas world wide". J Med Genet. 40:619-25.. (2003) Online citation.

Sample Name: Tampere and Turku

Sample UID: SA003328Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finnish individuals.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 964

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.

- Lehtimäki T, Moilanen T, Viikari J, Akerblom HK, Ehnholm C, Rönnemaa T, Marniemi J, Dahlen G, Nikkari T. "Apolipoprotein E phenotypes in Finnish youths: a cross-sectional and 6-year follow-up study". J Lipid Res. 31:487-95.. (1990) Online citation.

Sample Name: Kuopio & Oulu

Sample UID: SA003333M

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finnish individuals.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 1458

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.

- Lehtimäki T, Moilanen T, Viikari J, Akerblom HK, Ehnholm C, Rönnemaa T, Marniemi J, Dahlen G, Nikkari T. "Apolipoprotein E phenotypes in Finnish youths: a cross-sectional and 6-year follow-up study". J Lipid Res. 31:487-95.. (1990) Online citation.

Sample Name: Karelia

Sample UID: SA003334N

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finnish individuals.

Note: This sample information is not fully curated. For additional information about the sample, consult the publications under "References". The sample was entered as part of data submission by Eisenberg DA.

Number of Chromosomes: 220

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Eisenberg DA, Kuzawa, CW, Hayes MG "Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene: climate, local adaptations and evolutionary history". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143:100-11. (2010) Online citation.

- Tikkanen MJ, Huttunen JK, Ehnholm C, Pietinen P. "Apolipoprotein E4 homozygosity predisposes to serum cholesterol elevation during high fat diet". Arteriosclerosis 10:285-8.. (1990) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA003592T

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finns.

Number of Chromosomes: 226

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Toivonen S, Keski-Nisula L, Romppanen EL, Helisalmi S, Punnonen K, Heinonen S. "Endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism is not associated with placental abruption in Finnish women". Fetal Diagn Ther 20:508-11. (2005) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns(fin)

Sample UID: SA004198W

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finns.

Number of Chromosomes: 142

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Pimenoff VN, Laval G, Comas D, Palo JU, Gut I, Cann H, Excoffier L, Sajantila A. "Similarity in recombination rate and linkage disequilibrium at CYP2C and CYP2D cytochrome P450 gene regions among Europeans indicates signs of selection and no advantage of using tagSNPs in population isolates". Pharmacogenet Genomics. 22:846-857. (2012) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish in Finland (FIN)

Sample UID: SA004049R

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated individuals from Finland. All individuals identified themselves as having at least three out of four grandparents who were born in Finland, and 98% of individuals participating have all four grandparents born in Finland.

This sample is part of the 1000 Genomes Collection.

Number of Chromosomes: 198

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- 1000 genomes phase1 samples data Online citation.

- 1000genomes project samples page Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA004697A

Sample Description:This sample consists of Finnish individuals in Northern Europe. Written informed consent was obtained from all individuals. This sample is part of Caixia Li's group in Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China. It was provided by the Kenneth K. Kidd's laboratory to Caixia lab.

Number of Chromosomes: 54

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Jiang L, Wei YL, Zhao L, Li N, Liu T, Liu HB, Ren LJ, Li JL, Hao HF, Li Q, Li CX. "Global analysis of population stratification using a smart panel of 27 continental ancestry-informative SNPs". Forensic Sci Int Genet. 35:e10-e12. (2018) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA004064O

Sample Description:This sample consists of unrelated Finns.

Number of Chromosomes: 352

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Neuvonen AM, Palo JU, Hedman M, Sajantila A. "Discrimination power of Investigator DIPplex loci in Finnish and Somali populations". Forensic Sci Int Genet. (Epub, ahead of print) (2011) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finnish

Sample UID: SA004129Q

Sample Description:This sample consists of controls from anonymous, voluntary, and healthy male blood donors (18-65 years old)obtained from Blood Center of the Finnish Red Cross in Tampere. The study protocol was accepted by the local ethical committees and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.

Number of Chromosomes: 946

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Torniainen S, Hedelin M, Autio V, Rasinperä H, Bälter KA, Klint A, Bellocco R, Wiklund F, Stattin P, Ikonen T, Tammela TL, Schleutker J, Grönberg H, Järvelä I. "Lactase persistence, dietary intake of milk, and the risk for prostate cancer in Sweden and Finland". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:956-61. (2007) Online citation.

Sample Name: Finns

Sample UID: SA004377V

Sample Description:This sample is part of Kidd Lab sample collection and is a subset of sample SA000018J.

Number of Chromosomes: 50

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000018J

References:
- Kenneth K. Kidd et al. "Data unpublished".

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© 2019 Kenneth K Kidd, Yale University. All rights reserved. The full Copyright Notification is also available.
Originally prototyped by Michael Osier with the aid of Kei Cheung
Upgrades and maintenance since 2002 by Haseena Rajeevan