ALFRED: allele frequency database

The ALlele FREquency Database
ALFRED is a resource of gene frequency data on human populations
supported by the Yale Center for Medical Informatics.

00ALFRED detailed record information

Population Information

Name	ALFRED UID	Primary Language	Language Family
Karitiana	PO000028K	KARITIANA	Tupi

Synonyms:
Geographic Location¹: 9S, 65W; 9.5S, 63.5W

Sites typed for this population: View List
Population Samples: See Sample Information
External Resources: Ethnologue: Language Description Record Ethnologue: Language Map Record
References: See references
Population Description: The Karitianas make up a very small Amazonian basin population that is composed of less than 200 people (1994 est.) who live in a single village on a reservation near the Madeira River in Brazil's Rondonia Province. The Karitiana language is the last surviving language in the Arikem branch of the Tupi language family. The majority of the popualtion learn Karitiana as their first language and Portugese as a second language. Endogamy prevails among the Karitiana, and their documented family structure demonstrates that the entire group is essentially one family. A reserve has been established for the Karitiana by the Brazilian government.
References:
- Landin D. "Some aspects of Karitiana food economy ". Arquivos de anatomia e antropologia (Rio) 4:225-41. (1979)

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA000737R

Sample Description:Collected at the Karitiana village, 10S; 63W, by F. Black in 1987(?). HLA haplotypes indicate that the Karitiana have no non-Amerindian admixture and are genetically distinct from other sampled populations in relative geographical proximity, such as the Surui.

Number of Chromosomes: 110

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000028K

References:
- Castiglione CM, Deinard AS, Speed WC, Sirugo G, Rosenbaum HC, Zhang Y, Grandy DK, Grigorenko EL, Bonne-Tamir B, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Evolution of haplotypes at the DRD2 locus". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57:1445-56. (1995) Online citation.

- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Kang AM, Palmatier MA, Kidd KK. "Global variation of a 40-bp VNTR in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3)". Biological Psychiatry 46:151-60. (1999) Online citation.

- Kidd JR, Black FL, Weiss KM, Balazs I, Kidd KK. "Studies of three Amerindian populations using nuclear DNA polymorphisms.". Human Biology 63:775. (1991) Online citation.

- Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "Global levels of DNA variation". Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Human Identification 1993 (Promega) 21-30. (1993)

- Kidd JR. "Population genetics and population history of Amerindians as reflected by nuclear DNA variation". Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University (1993)

- Kidd KK et al. http://info.med.yale.edu/genetics/kkidd/pops.html

- Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. "A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus". Hum. Genet. 103:211-27. (1998) Online citation.

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Dietzsch E, Speed W, Pakstis AJ, Cheung K, Kidd JR, Bonne-Tamir B, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Moral P, Watson E, Krings M, Paabo S, Risch N, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "Global patterns of linkage disequilibrium at the CD4 locus and modern human origins". Science 271:1380-7. (1996) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. "A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62:1389-402. (1998) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Ruano G, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Distribution and frequency of a polymorphic Alu insertion at the plasminogen activator locus in humans". Hum. Genet. 97:759-64. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA000028K

Sample Description:The sample was collected in the Karitiana village (Rondonia Province, Brazil) by F. Black. HLA haplotypes indicate that the Karitiana have no non-Amerindian admixture and are genetically distinct from other sampled populations in relative geographical proximity, such as the Surui.

Number of Chromosomes: 114

Relation to Other Samples:

- Chang FM, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus". Hum. Genet. 98:91-101. (1996) Online citation.

- Kidd JR, Black FL, Weiss KM, Balazs I, Kidd KK. "Studies of three Amerindian populations using nuclear DNA polymorphisms.". Human Biology 63:775. (1991) Online citation.

- Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. "Global levels of DNA variation". Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Human Identification 1993 (Promega) 21-30. (1993)

- Kidd JR. "Population genetics and population history of Amerindians as reflected by nuclear DNA variation". Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University (1993)

- Kidd KK et al. http://info.med.yale.edu/genetics/kkidd/pops.html

- Palmatier MA, Kang AM, Kidd KK. "Global variation in the frequencies of functionally different catechol-O-methyltransferase alleles". Biol. Psychiatry. 46:557-67. (1999) Online citation.

- Tishkoff SA, Ruano G, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. "Distribution and frequency of a polymorphic Alu insertion at the plasminogen activator locus in humans". Hum. Genet. 97:759-64. (1996) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana, HGDP-CEPH

Sample UID: SA001514L

Sample Description:This sample is part of the Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel collected by the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) and the Foundation Jean Dausset (CEPH).

The sample was collected in the Karitiana village (Rondonia Province, Brazil) by F. Black. HLA haplotypes indicate that the Karitiana have no non-Amerindian admixture and are genetically distinct from other sampled populations in relative geographical proximity, such as the Surui.

Note: In many publications subset H952 of the HGDP panel (with first and second degree relatives excluded from the original set)/ H971 subset with only the first degree relatives excluded was typed and for this population that decreases the sample size from 24 to14 individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 48

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000028K

References:
- Rosenberg NA, Pritchard JK, Weber JL, Cann HM, Kidd KK, Zhivotovsky LA, Feldman MW. "Genetic structure of human populations". Science 298:2381-2385. (2002) Online citation.

- Rosenberg NA. "Standardized subsets of the HGDP-CEPH Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel, accounting for atypical and duplicated samples and pairs of close relatives.". Ann Hum Genet. 70:841-847. (2006) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA002352M

Sample Description:This sample consists of Karitiana individuals.

Number of Chromosomes: 72

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Su B, Jin L, Hu F, Xiao J, Luo J, Lu D, Zhang W, Chu J, Du R, Geng Z, Qiu X, Xue J, Tan J, O'Brien SJ, Chakraborty R "Distribution of two HIV-1-resistant polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and world populations and its implication in AIDS epidemiology". Am J Hum Genet. 65:1047-53. (1999) Online citation.

- Su B, Sun G, Lu D, Xiao J, Hu F, Chakraborty R, Deka R, Jin L "Distribution of three HIV-1 resistance-conferring polymorphisms (SDF1-3'A, CCR2-641, and CCR5-delta32) in global populations". Eur J Hum Genet. 8:975-9. (2000) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA003957Y

Sample Description:This sample is the subset of Kidd Lab Karitiana population sample.

Number of Chromosomes: 50

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of sample SA000028K

References:
- Publication pending

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA003683U

Sample Description:This sample consists of Karitiana individuals from Brazil. All the South American natives studied in this publication and their ancestors (two generations) were born in the same community and spoke their own native language.

Number of Chromosomes: 40

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Acu�a-Alonzo V et al. "A functional ABCA1 gene variant is associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels and shows evidence of positive selection in Native Americans". Hum Mol Genet 19:2877-85. (2010) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA004725S

Sample Description:This sample consists of Karitiana individuals from South America. Written informed consent was obtained from all individuals. This sample is part of Caixia Li's group in Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China. It was provided by the Kenneth K. Kidd's laboratory to Caixia lab.

Number of Chromosomes: 100

Relation to Other Samples:

References:
- Jiang L, Wei YL, Zhao L, Li N, Liu T, Liu HB, Ren LJ, Li JL, Hao HF, Li Q, Li CX. "Global analysis of population stratification using a smart panel of 27 continental ancestry-informative SNPs". Forensic Sci Int Genet. 35:e10-e12. (2018) Online citation.

Sample Information:

Graph estimated heterozygosities for various sites

Sample Name: Karitiana

Sample UID: SA004391R

Sample Description:This sample is part of the Kidd Lab sample collection and is subset of sample SA000028K.

Number of Chromosomes: 50

Relation to Other Samples: Subset of SA000028K

References:
- Kenneth K. Kidd et al. "Data unpublished".

¹Geographic Coordinates represent two opposite corners of a rectangle encompassing the area where the population lives.This data is preliminary and changing.

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© 2019 Kenneth K Kidd, Yale University. All rights reserved. The full Copyright Notification is also available.
Originally prototyped by Michael Osier with the aid of Kei Cheung
Upgrades and maintenance since 2002 by Haseena Rajeevan